Cognitive Bias in the Patient Encounter: Part I. Background and significance

Cognitive bias may lead to diagnostic error in the patient encounter. There are hundreds of different cognitive biases, but certain biases are more likely to affect patient diagnosis and management. As during morbidity and mortality rounds, retrospective evaluation of a given case, with comparison t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2024-04
Main Authors: Ko, Christine J., Gehlhausen, Jeffrey R., Cohen, Jeffrey M., Croskerry, Pat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bias
Cognitive bias
decision-making
diagnostic error
heuristic
JDM bias
metacognition
patient safety
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Cognitive bias may lead to diagnostic error in the patient encounter. There are hundreds of different cognitive biases, but certain biases are more likely to affect patient diagnosis and management. As during morbidity and mortality rounds, retrospective evaluation of a given case, with comparison to an optimal diagnosis, can pinpoint errors in judgment and decision-making. The study of cognitive bias also illuminates how we might improve the diagnostic process. In Part 1 of this series, cognitive bias is defined and placed within the background of dual process theory, emotion, heuristics, and the more neutral term judgment and decision-making bias.
ISSN:0190-9622
1097-6787
DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2024.01.091