The MATRICS consensus cognitive battery for the assessment of cognitive impairment in schizotypal personality disorder

• Published in: Schizophrenia research 2024-05, Vol.267, p.308-312
• Main Authors: Challman, Katelyn N., Rosell, Daniel R., Barch, Deanna, Koenigsberg, Harold W., Harvey, Philip D., Hazlett, Erin A., Perez-Rodriguez, M. Mercedes, New, Antonia S., McClure, Margaret McNamara
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology; Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology; Female; Functioning; Humans; Male; MATRICS; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests - standards; Schizophrenia-spectrum; Schizotypal personality disorder; Schizotypal Personality Disorder - complications; Schizotypal Personality Disorder - diagnosis; Schizotypal Personality Disorder - physiopathology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0920-9964; 1573-2509
• DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.04.007

Cognitive deficits are a core impairment across the range of schizophrenia (SZ) spectrum disorders, including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was developed to be a robust, specific, and valid cognitive assessment battery to assess cognition in clinical trials for treating cognitive impairments in SZ. Despite the similarity of cognitive impairments shown in SPD and SZ and the clear relevance of uniform assessment across a diagnostic spectrum, the MCCB has yet to be validated in SPD. As such, this is the first study to evaluate the sensitivity of the MCCB for the assessment of cognitive function in individuals with SPD. Participants were 30 individuals with SPD and 54 healthy controls (HC) assessed with the MCCB and supplemental neurocognitive assessments (Trails B, DOT test, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), AX Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT), and N-back). Individuals with SPD performed worse than HC participants on all MCCB subtests, as well as on converging supplemental tasks including Trails B, DOT test, PASAT, AX-CPT, and N-back. These results indicate that the MCCB was sensitive to cognitive impairment in SPD compared to controls. SPD participants demonstrate impairments similar to data of SZ participants within the literature, although to a slightly lesser degree of severity. Taken together, these results highlight the generalizability of using the MCCB across SZ spectrum diagnostic groups to assess cognition. Such findings allow for further comparison across disorders, greater understanding of the cognitive characteristics in the spectrum, and use of uniform assessment within cognitive intervention research.