Treating Alzheimer’s disease using nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery strategies/systems

• Published in: Ageing research reviews 2024-06, Vol.97, p.102291, Article 102291
• Main Authors: Roghani, Aryan Kia, Garcia, Ricardo Isaiah, Roghani, Ali, Reddy, Aananya, Khemka, Sachi, Reddy, Ruhananhad P., Pattoor, Vasanthkumar, Jacob, Michael, Reddy, P. Hemachandra, Sehar, Ujala
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alzheimer Disease - drug therapy; Alzheimer's disease; Animals; Blood-brain barrier; Blood-Brain Barrier - drug effects; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism; Drug Delivery Systems - methods; Humans; Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - administration & dosage; Potential developments; Therapeutic interventions
• ISSN: 1568-1637; 1872-9649; 1872-9649
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102291

The administration of promising medications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is significantly hampered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanotechnology has recently come to light as a viable strategy for overcoming this obstacle and improving drug delivery to the brain. With a focus on current developments and prospects, this review article examines the use of nanoparticles to overcome the BBB constraints to improve drug therapy for AD The potential for several nanoparticle-based approaches, such as those utilizing lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic nanoparticles, to enhance drug transport across the BBB are highlighted. To shed insight on their involvement in aiding effective drug transport to the brain, methods of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery, such as surface modifications, functionalization, and particular targeting ligands, are also investigated. The article also discusses the most recent findings on innovative medication formulations encapsulated within nanoparticles and the therapeutic effects they have shown in both preclinical and clinical testing. This sector has difficulties and restrictions, such as the need for increased safety, scalability, and translation to clinical applications. However, the major emphasis of this review aims to provide insight and contribute to the knowledge of how nanotechnology can potentially revolutionize the worldwide treatment of NDDs, particularly AD, to enhance clinical outcomes. •Nanoparticles hold promise for improving treatment of neurodegenerative disorders by enhancing brain drug delivery.•Nanoparticles' ability to cross the blood-brain barrier makes them a promising therapy for AD.•Maximizing nanoparticle potential for AD therapy requires optimizing properties, safety testing, and precise targeting.•Review discusses medication in nanoparticles, promising to revolutionize neurodegenerative disorder treatment, notably AD.