Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Acute Large-Vessel Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Single-Blinded Trial

• Published in: CNS drugs 2024-05, Vol.38 (5), p.387-398
• Main Authors: Zeinhom, Mohamed G., Elbassiouny, Ahmed, Mohamed, Ahmed Mahmoud, Ahmed, Sherihan Rezk
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Blood platelets; Blood pressure; Carbohydrates; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cerebral infarction; Cholesterol; Clinical outcomes; Clinical trials; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome; Drug dosages; Electrocardiography; Glucose; Heart attacks; Hemorrhage; Hospitals; Hyperglycemia; Hyperlipidemia; Insulin; Ischemia; Medical imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolism; Myocardial infarction; NCT; NCT06120725; Neurology; Neurosciences; Original Research Article; Patients; Pharmacotherapy; Psychiatry; Psychopharmacology; Statins; Stroke; Transient ischemic attack; Veins & arteries
• ISSN: 1172-7047; 1179-1934
• DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01080-5

Background Large-vessel ischemic stroke represents about 25–40% of all ischemic strokes. Few clinical trials compared ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in ischemic stroke patients; all these studies included only patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke; moreover, none of these studies included patients from North Africa. Objectives We aimed to compare ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in the first-ever large-vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke in Egypt. Methods Our trial involved 580 first-ever LVO ischemic stroke patients who were randomly assigned to administer loading and maintenance doses of ticagrelor or clopidogrel. Screening, randomization, and start of treatment occurred during the first 24 hours of the stroke. Results 580 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Thirty patients in the ticagrelor group and 49 patients in the clopidogrel group experienced a new ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke at 90 days (hazard ratio [HR] 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–0.98; p -value = 0.04), 36 patients in the ticagrelor group, and 57 in the clopidogrel group experienced composite of a new stroke, myocardial infarction, or death due to vascular insults (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.37–0.87; p  = 0.009). Patients who received ticagrelor had better clinical outcomes regarding National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) reduction and a favorable modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. There were no differences between ticagrelor and clopidogrel regarding hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic complications. Conclusion Patients with acute large-vessel ischemic stroke who received ticagrelor within the first 24 hours after ischemic stroke had better clinical outcomes based on recurrent stroke rates, NIHSS reduction, and favorable mRS rates compared with those who received clopidogrel. There were no differences between ticagrelor and clopidogrel regarding hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic complications. Trial Registration Clinical trials.gov (NCT06120725).