Synthesis of different types of nano-hydroxyapatites for efficient photocatalytic degradation of textile dye (Congo red): a crystallographic characterization

The textile industry, a vital economic force in developing nations, faces significant challenges including the release of undesired dye effluents, posing potential health and environmental risks which need to be minimized with the aid of sustainable materials. This study focuses on the photocatalyti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RSC advances 2024-04, Vol.14 (16), p.1157-11583
Main Authors: Kawsar, Md, Sahadat Hossain, Md, Tabassum, Sumaya, Bahadur, Newaz Mohammed, Ahmed, Samina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Calcium carbonate
Chemical precipitation
Chemistry
Crystallites
Crystallography
Developing countries
Dyes
Fourier transforms
Hydroxyapatite
Infrared spectroscopy
LDCs
Phosphoric acid
Photocatalysis
Photodegradation
Protective coatings
Slaked lime
Spectrum analysis
Synthesis
Titanium
Titanium dioxide
X-ray diffraction
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxides
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Summary:The textile industry, a vital economic force in developing nations, faces significant challenges including the release of undesired dye effluents, posing potential health and environmental risks which need to be minimized with the aid of sustainable materials. This study focuses on the photocatalytic potential of hydroxyapatite together with different dopants like titanium-di-oxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO). Here, we synthesized hydroxyapatite (HAp) using different calcium sources (calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate) and phosphorous sources (phosphoric acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate) precursors through a wet chemical precipitation technique. Pure and doped HAp were characterized via different technologies, which consist of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as UV-vis spectroscopy. The effectiveness of the synthesized photocatalyst was evaluated by its interactivity with synthetic azo dyes (Congo red). The photodegradation of Ca(OH) 2 _HAp, CaCO 3 _HAp, ZnO-doped HAp as well as TiO 2 -doped HAp, were obtained as 89%, 91%, 86%, and 91%, respectively. Furthermore, at neutral pH, TiO 2 -doped HAp shows the highest degradation (86%), whereas ZnO-doped HAp possesses the lowest degradation (73%). Additionally, various XRD models (Monshi-Scherrer's, Williamson-Hall, and Halder-Wagner methods) were employed to study crystallite dimension. Exploration of the crystallographic parameters of various nano-hydroxyapatites for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye.
ISSN:2046-2069
2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/d3ra08527a