Insights into plant regeneration: cellular pathways and DNA methylation dynamics

Plants, known for their immobility, employ various mechanisms against stress and damage. A prominent feature is the formation of callus tissue—a cellular growth phenomenon that remains insufficiently explored, despite its distinctive cellular plasticity compared to vertebrates. Callus formation invo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant cell reports 2024-05, Vol.43 (5), p.120-120, Article 120
Main Authors: Lee, Seunga, Park, Young Seo, Rhee, Ji Hoon, Chu, Hyojeong, Frost, Jennifer M., Choi, Yeonhee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Callus
Cell Biology
Cellular structure
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Developmental plasticity
DNA
DNA methylation
Epigenetics
Heritability
Life Sciences
Plant Biochemistry
Plant propagation
Plant Sciences
Plant tissues
Plastic foam
Plastic properties
Plasticity
Pluripotency
Propagation
Regeneration
Review
Somaclonal variation
Vegetative reproduction
Vertebrates
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Summary:Plants, known for their immobility, employ various mechanisms against stress and damage. A prominent feature is the formation of callus tissue—a cellular growth phenomenon that remains insufficiently explored, despite its distinctive cellular plasticity compared to vertebrates. Callus formation involves dedifferentiated cells, with a subset attaining pluripotency. Calluses exhibit an extraordinary capacity to reinitiate cellular division and undergo structural transformations, generating de novo shoots and roots, thereby developing into regenerated plants—a testament to the heightened developmental plasticity inherent in plants. In this way, plant regeneration through clonal propagation is a widely employed technique for vegetative reproduction. Thus, exploration of the biological components involved in regaining pluripotency contributes to the foundation upon which methods of somatic plant propagation can be advanced. This review provides an overview of the cellular pathway involved in callus and subsequent de novo shoot formation from already differentiated plant tissue, highlighting key genes critical to this process. In addition, it explores the intricate realm of epigenetic regulatory processes, emphasizing the nuanced dynamics of DNA methylation that contribute to plant regeneration. Finally, we briefly discuss somaclonal variation, examining its relation to DNA methylation, and investigating the heritability of epigenomic changes in crops.
ISSN:0721-7714
1432-203X
DOI:10.1007/s00299-024-03216-9