Deciphering proteomic mechanisms explaining the role of glutathione as an aid in improving plant fitness and tolerance against cadmium-toxicity in Brassica napus L

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2024-06, Vol.471, p.134262-134262, Article 134262
• Main Authors: Mittra, Probir Kumar, Rahman, Md Atikur, Roy, Swapan Kumar, Kwon, Soo-Jeong, Yun, Sung Ho, Kun, Cho, Zhou, Meiliang, Katsube-Tanaka, Tomoyuki, Shiraiwa, Tatsuhiko, Woo, Sun-Hee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Brassica Proteome; Cadmium toxicity; Environmental pollution; Glutathione; Metal-detoxification
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134262

Cadmium (Cd) hazard is a serious limitation to plants, soils and environments. Cd-toxicity causes stunted growth, chlorosis, necrosis, and plant yield loss. Thus, ecofriendly strategies with understanding of molecular mechanisms of Cd-tolerance in plants is highly demandable. The Cd-toxicity caused plant growth retardation, leaf chlorosis and cellular damages, where the glutathione (GSH) enhanced plant fitness and Cd-toxicity in Brassica through Cd accumulation and antioxidant defense. A high-throughput proteome approach screened 4947 proteins, wherein 370 were differently abundant, 164 were upregulated and 206 were downregulated. These proteins involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism, CO2 assimilation and photosynthesis, signal transduction and protein metabolism, antioxidant defense response, heavy metal detoxification, cytoskeleton and cell wall structure, and plant development in Brassica. Interestingly, several key proteins including glutathione S-transferase F9 (A0A078GBY1), ATP sulfurylase 2 (A0A078GW82), cystine lyase CORI3 (A0A078FC13), ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase 1 (A0A078HXC0), glutaredoxin-C5 (A0A078ILU9), glutaredoxin-C2 (A0A078HHH4) actively involved in antioxidant defense and sulfur assimilation-mediated Cd detoxification process confirmed by their interactome analyses. These candidate proteins shared common gene networks associated with plant fitness, Cd-detoxification and tolerance in Brassica. The proteome insights may encourage breeders for enhancing multi-omics assisted Cd-tolerance in Brassica, and GSH-mediated hazard free oil seed crop production for global food security. [Display omitted] •Glutathione enhances cadmium tolerance by inhibiting cadmium accumulation in Brassica napus.•Glutathione improves plant fitness by restoring photosynthetic pigments and enhancing key antioxidant enzymes.•Glutathione reduces the enrichment of superoxide (O2.-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).•Glutathione triggers several key proteome mechanisms, including antioxidant defense, sulfur assimilation, and cadmium detoxification.•Key protein networks disclose promising advancements in multiomics-assisted breeding of Brassica napus.