Recent Advances in Preparation and Structure of Polyurethane Porous Materials for Sound Absorbing Application

• Published in: Macromolecular rapid communications. 2024-07, Vol.45 (14), p.e2400108-n/a
• Main Authors: Dong, Shan, Duan, Yinying, Chen, Xinyan, You, Feng, Jiang, Xueliang, Wang, Dongrui, Hu, Dongdong, Zhao, Pei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption; Absorptivity; Aerogels; Damping; damping effect; Fabrication; Multilayers; Noise pollution; Polyurethane; Polyurethane foam; polyurethane porous material; Polyurethanes - chemistry; pore structure; Porosity; Porous materials; Sound; sound absorption; Sound transmission
• ISSN: 1022-1336; 1521-3927; 1521-3927
• DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400108

Various acoustic materials are developed to resolve noise pollution problem in many industries. Especially, materials with porous structure are broadly used to absorb sound energy in civil construction and transportation area. Polyurethane (PU) porous materials possess excellent damping properties, good toughness, and well‐developed pore structures, which have a broad application prospect in sound absorption field. This work aims to summarize the recent progress of fabrication and structure for PU porous materials in sound absorption application. The sound absorption mechanisms of porous materials are introduced. Different kinds of structure for typical PU porous materials in sound absorption application are covered and highlighted, which include PU foam, modified PU porous materials, aerogel, templated PU, and special PU porous materials. Finally, the development direction and existing problems of PU material in sound absorption application are briefly prospected. It can be expected that porous PU with high sound absorption coefficient can be obtained by using some facile methods. The design and accurate regulation of porous structures or construction of multilayer sound absorption structure is favorably recommended to fulfill the high demand of industrial and commercial applications in the future work. The recent advances of typical polyurethane (PU) porous sound absorption materials are reviewed in this work, including PU foam, modified PU porous materials, aerogel, templated PU, and special PU porous materials.