Mechanism of tartaric acid mediated dissipation and biotransformation of tetrabromobisphenol A and its derivatives in soil

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2024-06, Vol.471, p.134350-134350, Article 134350
• Main Authors: Zhang, Xiaonuo, Lu, Hong, Liu, Jiyan, Tadiyose, Bekele, Wan, Huihui, Zhong, Zhihui, Deng, Yaxi, Chi, Goujian, Zhao, Hongxia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacteriome; Biotransformation; Derivatives; Root exudates; Tetrabromobisphenol A
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134350

Biotransformation is a major dissipation process of tetrabromobisphenol A and its derivatives (TBBPAs) in soil. The biotransformation and ultimate environmental fate of TBBPAs have been widely studied, yet the effect of root exudates (especially low-molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs)) on the fate of TBBPAs is poorly documented. Herein, the biotransformation behavior and mechanism of TBBPAs in bacteriome driven by LMWOAs were comprehensively investigated. Tartaric acid (TTA) was found to be the main component of LMWOAs in root exudates of Helianthus annus in the presence of TBBPAs, and was identified to play a key role in driving shaping bacteriome. TTA promoted shift of the dominant genus in soil bacteriome from Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis to Gemmatimonas, with a noteworthy increase of 24.90–34.65% in relative abundance of Gemmatimonas. A total of 28 conversion products were successfully identified, and β-scission was the principal biotransformation pathway for TBBPAs. TTA facilitated the emergence of novel conversion products, including 2,4-dibromophenol, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyacetophenone, para-hydroxyacetophenone, and tribromobisphenol A. These products were formed via oxidative skeletal cleavage and debromination pathways. Additionally, bisphenol A was observed during the conversion of derivatives. This study provides a comprehensive understanding about biotransformation of TBBPAs driven by TTA in soil bacteriome, offering new insights into LMWOAs-driven biotransformation mechanisms. [Display omitted] •Biotransformation of TBBPAs in soil mediated by root exudates was first investigated.•A total of 28 biotransformation products were successfully identified.•Tartaric acid promoted the debromination and oxidative skeletal cleavage pathways.•Some single-ring products were first identified under mediation of tartaric acid.