Secondary hemophagocytic syndrome in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Alpha-thalassemia patient infected with Talaromyces marneffei: A case report and literature review

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by a hyperinflammatory syndrome and impairment of multiple organ systems. Talaromycosis marneffei (TSM) is an opportunistic infection mostly found in immunosuppressed populations, such as those with acquired immunod...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IDCases 2024, Vol.36, p.e01954-e01954
Main Authors: Wu, Qingqing, Yu, Yixiu, Feng, Shenhong, Fang, Bingqian, Zheng, Renzhi, Sun, Weidong, Zhao, Jianzhi
Format: Report
Language:English
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Summary:Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by a hyperinflammatory syndrome and impairment of multiple organ systems. Talaromycosis marneffei (TSM) is an opportunistic infection mostly found in immunosuppressed populations, such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and is prevalent in southern China. However, HLH secondary to TSM is extremely rare and has only been reported in isolated cases. A 30-year-old patient with recurrent high fever and progressive cytopenia was diagnosed with HLH secondary to disseminated TSM with AIDS and Alpha-thalassemia. The patient remained in sustained remission without recurrence after effective treatment with antifungals and glucocorticoids.
ISSN:2214-2509
2214-2509
DOI:10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01954