Responses of plankton community to threshold metal concentrations of cadmium and lead in a mesocosm experiment at Bay of Bengal

• Published in: Journal of environmental management 2024-05, Vol.359, p.120982-120982, Article 120982
• Main Authors: Raja, Pitchaikkaran, Marigoudar, Shambanagouda R., Karthikeyan, Panneerselvam, Barath Kumar, Sarvalingam, Nagarjuna, Avula, Srinivas, Tanuku Naga Radha, Srirama Krishna, Moturi, Sharma, Krishna Venkatarama, Ramana Murthy, Mallavarapu Venkata
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomass; Catalase activity; Heavy metal; Mesocosm; Plankton; Threshold level
• ISSN: 0301-4797; 1095-8630
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120982

Metals are essential at trace levels to aquatic organisms for the function of many physiological and biological processes. But their elevated levels are toxic to the ecosystem and even brings about shifts in the plankton population. Threshold limits such as Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC - 0.6 μg/l of Cd; 2.7 μg/l of Pb), Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC - 3.0 μg/l of Cd; 4.5 μg/l of Pb) and Criterion Maximum Concentration (CMC - 23 μg/l of Cd; 130 μg/l of Pb) prescribed for Indian coastal waters were used for the study. Short-term mesocosm experiments (96 h) were conducted in coastal waters of Visakhapatnam to evaluate responses of the planktonic community on exposure to threshold concentrations of cadmium and lead for the first time. Four individual experimental bags of 2500 L capacity (Control, PNEC, CCC & CMC) were used for the deployment and ambient water samples were analysed simultaneously to evaluate the impacts of the threshold levels in the natural waters. Chaetoceros sp. were dominant group in the control system whereas, Prorocentrum sp. Ceratium sp. Tintinopsis sp. Chaetoceros sp. and Skeletonema sp. were major groups in the test bags. Throughout the experiment the phytoplankton community did not show any significant differences with increased nutrients and plankton biomass (Chl-a