Autonomous Artificial Olfactory Sensor Systems with Homeostasis Recovery via a Seamless Neuromorphic Architecture

• Published in: Advanced materials (Weinheim) 2024-07, Vol.36 (29), p.e2400614-n/a
• Main Authors: Jang, Young‐Woo, Kim, Jaehyun, Shin, Jaewon, Jo, Jeong‐Wan, Shin, Jong Wook, Kim, Yong‐Hoon, Cho, Sung Woon, Park, Sung Kyu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: autonomous system; Bioaccumulation; Biological effects; Carbon nanotubes; Data processing; Data recovery; Electronic noses; Exposure; gas indicator; Gas sensors; Homeostasis; Human performance; neuromorphic olfactory sensor; Nitrogen dioxide; Olfactory sensors; Robotics; Sensors; Thin films; transistor‐type gas sensor; Ultraviolet radiation
• ISSN: 0935-9648; 1521-4095; 1521-4095
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400614

Neuromorphic olfactory systems have been actively studied in recent years owing to their considerable potential in electronic noses, robotics, and neuromorphic data processing systems. However, conventional gas sensors typically have the ability to detect hazardous gas levels but lack synaptic functions such as memory and recognition of gas accumulation, which are essential for realizing human‐like neuromorphic sensory system. In this study, a seamless architecture for a neuromorphic olfactory system capable of detecting and memorizing the present level and accumulation status of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during continuous gas exposure, regulating a self‐alarm implementation triggered after 147 and 85 s at a continuous gas exposure of 20 and 40 ppm, respectively. Thin‐film‐transistor type gas sensors utilizing carbon nanotube semiconductors detect NO2 gas molecules through carrier trapping and exhibit long‐term retention properties, which are compatible with neuromorphic excitatory applications. Additionally, the neuromorphic inhibitory performance is also characterized via gas desorption with programmable ultraviolet light exposure, demonstrating homeostasis recovery. These results provide a promising strategy for developing a facile artificial olfactory system that demonstrates complicated biological synaptic functions with a seamless and simplified system architecture. An artificial olfactory sensor system capable of detecting gas accumulation via memory characteristics is investigated, all in a seamless architecture. The neuromorphic olfactory system exhibits excitatory action in response to NO2 gas, triggering an alarm at dangerous levels of gas adsorption. Furthermore, inhibitory properties from pulsed UV light are analyzed, demonstrating autonomous recovery that mimic the biological homeostasis function.