Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

• Published in: Clinica chimica acta 2024-06, Vol.559, p.119701-119701, Article 119701
• Main Authors: Wulandari, Dika Apriliana, Hartati, Yeni Wahyuni, Ibrahim, Abdullahi Umar, Pitaloka, Dian Ayu Eka, Irkham
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Detection method of MDR-TB; Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; TB biomarkers; Tuberculosis
• ISSN: 0009-8981; 1873-3492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119701

•MDR-TB may be recognized by identifying mutations in the rpoB and katG genes.•Host Biomarkers provide significant potential in improving diagnostic speed, rapidity and accuracy.•Molecular MDR-TB detection methods are potential strategies for diagnosis of TB strains resistant to RIF and INH. One of predominant contributors to global mortality is tuberculosis (TB), an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Inappropriate and ineffectual treatment can lead to the development of drug-resistant TB. One of the most common forms of drug-resistant TB is multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), caused by mutations in the rpoB and katG genes that lead to resistance to anti-TB drugs, rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH), respectively. Although culturing remains the gold standard, it is not rapid thereby delaying potential treatment and potentially increasing the incidence of MDR-TB. In contrast, molecular techniques provide a highly sensitive and specific alternative. This review discusses the classification of biomarkers used to detect MDR-TB, some of the commonly used anti-TB drugs, and DNA mutations in MTB that lead to anti-TB resistance. The objective of this review is to increase awareness of the need for rapid and precise detection of MDR-TB cases to decrease morbidity and mortality of this infectious disease worldwide.