Duration and severity of COVID‐19 symptoms among primary healthcare workers: A cross‐sectional survey

• Published in: Journal of advanced nursing 2025-01, Vol.81 (1), p.249-259
• Main Authors: Ma, Rongji, Lu, Beier, Zhang, Yongjie, Shen, Ya, Xu, Jinshui, Chen, Hualing, Qian, Yongkang, Miao, Pengcheng, Xu, Biyun, Guo, Haijian, Chen, Bingwei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; China - epidemiology; Community health services; Cough reflex; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Demography; Dizziness; Epidemiology; Female; Health facilities; Health Personnel - statistics & numerical data; healthcare workers; Humans; Immunization; Infections; Male; Medical history; Medical personnel; Middle Aged; Nurses; Obesity; Pathophysiology; Pharmacists; Primary care; Primary Health Care - statistics & numerical data; public health; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2; Severity; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Symptom management; Symptoms; Work environment; Workers
• ISSN: 0309-2402; 1365-2648; 1365-2648
• DOI: 10.1111/jan.16212

Aims This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of COVID‐19 infection among healthcare workers, including the severity, duration of infection, post‐infection symptoms and related influencing factors. Methods A self‐administered questionnaire was utilized to assess the post‐infection status of primary healthcare workers in Jiangsu Province. The questionnaire collected information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, post‐infection clinical manifestations, work environment and recovery time of the respondents. Customized outcome events were selected as dependent variables and logistic regression models were employed to analyse the risk factors. Phi‐coefficient was used to describe the relationship between post‐infection symptoms. Results The analysis revealed that several factors, such as female, older age, obesity, previous medical history, exposure to high‐risk environments and stress, were associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing more severe outcomes. On the other hand, vaccination and regular exercise were found to contribute to an earlier resolution of the infection. Among the post‐infection symptoms, cough, malaise and muscle aches were the most frequently reported. Overall, there was a weak association among symptoms persisting beyond 14 days, with only cough and malaise, malaise and dizziness and headache showing a stronger correlation. Conclusion The study findings indicate that the overall severity of the first wave of infection, following the complete lifting of restrictions in China, was low. The impact on primary healthcare workers was limited, and the post‐infection symptoms exhibited similarity to those observed in other countries. It is important to highlight that these conclusions are specifically relevant to the population infected with the Omicron variant. Impacts This study helps to grasp the impacts of the first wave of COVID‐19 infections on healthcare workers in China after the national lockdown was lifted. Patients Primary healthcare workers in Jiangsu Province, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists and other personnel from primary healthcare units such as community health service centres and health centres.