The roles of PD-L1 in the various stages of tumor metastasis

The interaction between tumor programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and T-cell programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) has long been acknowledged as a mechanism for evading immune surveillance. Recent studies, however, have unveiled a more nuanced role of tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 in reprograming tumoral phenotypes....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer and metastasis reviews 2024-12, Vol.43 (4), p.1475-1488
Main Authors: He, Yinjun, Zhu, Ming, Lai, Xuan, Zhang, Honghe, Jiang, Weiqin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
B7-H1 Antigen - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Cell death
Cell survival
Clinical practice guidelines
Disease prevention
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Humans
Immune system
Immunosurveillance
Lymphocytes T
Metastases
Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - pathology
Oncology
PD-1 protein
PD-L1 protein
Phenotypes
Review
Tumor cells
Tumor Microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:The interaction between tumor programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and T-cell programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) has long been acknowledged as a mechanism for evading immune surveillance. Recent studies, however, have unveiled a more nuanced role of tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 in reprograming tumoral phenotypes. Preclinical models emphasize the synchronized effects of both intracellular and extracellular PD-L1 in promoting metastasis, with intricate interactions with the immune system. This review aims to summarize recent findings to elucidate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression and the pro-metastatic roles of PD-L1 in the entire process of tumor metastasis. For example, PD-L1 regulates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, facilitates the survival of circulating tumor cells, and induces the formation of immunosuppressive environments at pre-metastatic niches and metastatic sites. And the complexed and dynamic regulation process of PD-L1 for tumor metastasis is related to the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression and functions from tumor primary sites to various metastatic sites. This review extends the current understandings for the roles of PD-L1 in mediating tumor metastasis and provides new insights into therapeutic decisions in clinical practice.
ISSN:0167-7659
1573-7233
1573-7233
DOI:10.1007/s10555-024-10189-4