Self-assembled lignin-based flame retardant hybrids carrying Cu2+ for poly(lactic acid) composites with improved fire safety and mechanical properties

To enhance the flame retardancy and mechanical performance of PLA, a polyelectrolyte complex predicated on lignin was obtained by electrostatic mutual adsorption of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and copper ions as raw materials. The FT-IR spectra and EDX analysis confirmed t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological macromolecules 2024-06, Vol.269, p.132141-132141, Article 132141
Main Authors: Cao, Xianwu, Zhou, Yangsheng, Huang, Jingshu, Yu, Bin, Zhao, Wanjing, Wu, Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adsorption
ammonia
Ammonium polyphosphate
ammonium polyphosphates
carbon dioxide
combustion
copper
crystal structure
electrolytes
Electrostatic mutual adsorption
fire safety
flame retardants
heat
hydrogen
impact strength
lignin
nitrogen
phosphorus
PLA
Polyelectrolyte complex
Polyethyleneimine
Smoke suppression
tensile strength
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Summary:To enhance the flame retardancy and mechanical performance of PLA, a polyelectrolyte complex predicated on lignin was obtained by electrostatic mutual adsorption of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and copper ions as raw materials. The FT-IR spectra and EDX analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of a lignin-based flame retardant hybrid (APL-Cu2+) containing copper, phosphorus, and nitrogen elements. The combustion test results showed that the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the PLA composite containing 12 wt% APL-Cu2+ were decreased by 15.1 % and 18.2 %, respectively, as compared to those of pure PLA. The char residue morphology observation revealed that the addition of APL-Cu2+ could promote the formation of a highly dense and stable graphitized char layer, while TG-MS detected the emission of refractory gases such as ammonia gas, carbon dioxide, and water during combustion. The strong hydrogen bonding between APL-Cu2+ and the PLA matrix kept the composite maintaining good strength and toughness. The tensile strength and impact strength of PLA/6APL-Cu2+ increased by 4.73 % and 65.71 %, respectively, due to its high crystallinity and good interfacial compatibility. This work provides a feasible method to develop biobased flame retardant hybrids for PLA composites with better fire safety and improved mechanical properties.
ISSN:0141-8130
1879-0003
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132141