Documenting the Full Value of Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Value Frameworks

• Published in: Value in health 2024-09, Vol.27 (9), p.1289-1299
• Main Authors: Riley, Abigail G., Voehler, Dominic, Mitrovich, Rachel, Carias, Cristina, Ollendorf, Daniel A., Nelson, Katherine L., Synnott, Patricia G., Eiden, Amanda L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: economic evaluations; vaccination; value assessment; value frameworks
• ISSN: 1098-3015; 1524-4733; 1524-4733
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.04.022

Economic evaluations of vaccination may not fully account for nonhealth patient impacts on families, communities, and society (ie, broader value elements). Omission of broader value elements may reflect a lack of established measurement methodology, lack of agreement over which value elements to include in economic evaluations, and a lack of consensus on whether the value elements included should vary by vaccination type or condition. We conducted a systematic review of value frameworks to identify broader value elements and measurement guidance that may be useful for capturing the full value of vaccination. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and the gray literature to identify value frameworks for all health interventions, and we extracted information on each framework’s context, value elements, and any available guidance on how these elements should be measured. We used descriptive statistics to analyze and compare the prevalence of broader value elements in vaccination value frameworks and other healthcare-related value frameworks. Our search identified 62 value frameworks that met inclusion criteria, 9 of which were vaccination specific. Although vaccination frameworks included several broader value elements, such as reduced transmissibility and public health benefits, the elements were represented inconsistently across the frameworks. Vaccination frameworks omitted several value elements included in nonvaccination-specific frameworks, including dosing and administration complexity and affordability. In addition, guidance for measuring broader value elements was underdeveloped. Future efforts should further evaluate inclusion of broader value elements in economic evaluations of vaccination and develop standards for their subsequent measurement. •Stakeholders recognize the importance of understanding the full value of vaccination, including benefits and costs to patients, families, and broader society. However, broader value elements are rarely captured in economic evaluations of vaccination. Value frameworks can help decision makers evaluate the full value of vaccination by providing guidance on how to measure and incorporate broader value elements into economic evaluations.•In contrast to previous efforts, we searched for both vaccination-specific value frameworks and frameworks for other health interventions potentially relevant to the full value of vaccination. We found that broader value elements were not consistently included across all val