Retreatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the New Scenario of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The advent of immunotherapy has transformed the treatment paradigm for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the past few years, several studies have investigated the potential role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in resectable and unresectable locally advanced disease, achieving...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2024-05, Vol.16 (9), p.1683
Main Authors: Rossi, Sabrina, Masini, Silvia, Finocchiaro, Giovanna, Lorenzi, Elena, Toschi, Luca, Santoro, Armando
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Disease control
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunotherapy
Kinases
Lung cancer
Lung cancer, Non-small cell
Lung cancer, Small cell
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Metastases
Metastasis
Monoclonal antibodies
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Patients
Small cell lung carcinoma
Substance abuse
Surgery
Toxicity
Tumors
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Summary:The advent of immunotherapy has transformed the treatment paradigm for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the past few years, several studies have investigated the potential role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in resectable and unresectable locally advanced disease, achieving remarkable results that led to their approval in clinical practice. However, there is limited evidence on immunotherapy rechallenge after recurrence, with the majority of available knowledge coming from retrospective studies which involve heavily pretreated patients with advanced NSCLC. The recent introduction in the curative setting and the potential regulatory restrictions raise questions about the optimal choice of first-line and subsequent therapies for patients with systemic relapse. The role of immunotherapy readministration in this new scenario needs to be clarified, as well as the identification of patients for whom it is more appropriate, including clinical characteristics, duration of response, switching to other ICIs, reasons for discontinuation and immune-related toxicity. Here, we review literature on rechallenge with immunotherapy, including efficacy, safety profile and potential predictive factors of response.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers16091683