Extracellular Vesicles: A New Approach to Study the Brain’s Neural System and Its Diseases

In normal and pathophysiological conditions our cells secrete vesicular bodies known as extracellular particles. Extracellular vesicles are lipid-bound extracellular particles. A majority of these extracellular vesicles are linked to cell-to-cell communication. Brain consists of tightly packed neura...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell biochemistry and biophysics 2024-06, Vol.82 (2), p.521-534
Main Authors: Afridi, Shahid, Sharma, Pradakshina, Choudhary, Furqan, Rizwan, Amber, Nizam, Anam, Parvez, Adil, Farooqi, Humaira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Biosynthesis
Biotechnology
Blood-brain barrier
Brain
Cell Biology
Cell interactions
Cells
Central nervous system
Cerebrospinal fluid
Communication
Crosstalk
Cytokines
Extracellular vesicles
Homeostasis
Immune response
Life Sciences
Lipids
Metabolism
Microenvironments
Nervous system
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurons
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Physiology
Protein expression
Protein folding
Proteins
Review Paper
Signal transduction
Vesicles
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Summary:In normal and pathophysiological conditions our cells secrete vesicular bodies known as extracellular particles. Extracellular vesicles are lipid-bound extracellular particles. A majority of these extracellular vesicles are linked to cell-to-cell communication. Brain consists of tightly packed neural cells. Neural cell releases extracellular vesicles in cerebrospinal fluid. Extracellular vesicle mediated crosstalk maintains neural homeostasis in the central nervous system via transferring cargos between neural cells. In neurodegenerative diseases, small extracellular vesicle transfer misfolded proteins to healthy cells in the neural microenvironment. They can also cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) and stimulate peripheral immune response inside central nervous system. In today’s world different approaches employ extracellular vesicle in various therapeutics. This review gives a brief knowledge about the biological relevance of extracellular vesicles in the central nervous system and relevant advances in the translational application of EV in brain disorders. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1085-9195
1559-0283
1559-0283
DOI:10.1007/s12013-024-01271-3