Caste, Religion, and Mental Health in India

The relationship between mental health and social disadvantage in low- and middle-income countries is poorly understood. Our study contributes the first population-level analysis of mental health disparities in India, where the two marginalized groups that we study constitute a population larger tha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Population research and policy review 2020-12, Vol.39 (6), p.1119-1141
Main Authors: Gupta, Aashish, Coffey, Diane
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Aging
Caste
Castes
Demography
Disadvantaged
Discrimination
Empirical analysis
Health disparities
Health problems
Hindus
Low income groups
Marginality
Mental health
Minority groups
Muslims
Original Research
Population Economics
Population studies
Public health
Redistribution
Religion
Social groups
Social Sciences
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomic status
Socioeconomics
Sociology
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Summary:The relationship between mental health and social disadvantage in low- and middle-income countries is poorly understood. Our study contributes the first population-level analysis of mental health disparities in India, where the two marginalized groups that we study constitute a population larger than that of the USA. Applying two complementary empirical strategies to data on 10,125 adults interviewed by the World Health Organisation’s Survey of Global Ageing and Adult Health (WHO-SAGE), we document and standardize gaps in self-reported mental health between the dominant social group (higher caste Hindus) and two marginalized social groups (Scheduled Castes and Muslims). We find that differences in socioeconomic status cannot fully explain the large disparities in mental health that we document, especially for Muslims. Our results highlight the need for research to understand the causes and consequences of mental health disparities in India, and for policies to move beyond redistribution and address discrimination against Scheduled Castes and Muslims.
ISSN:0167-5923
1573-7829
DOI:10.1007/s11113-020-09585-9