Periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans JP2 correlates with colonic leukocytes decrease and gut microbiome imbalance in mice

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research 2024-10, Vol.59 (5), p.961-973
• Main Authors: Costa, André L. A., Soares, Mariana A., Lourenço, Talita G. B., Guimarães‐Pinto, Kamila, Filardy, Alessandra D., Oliveira, Adriana Miranda, Luca, Beatriz Gouvêa, Magliano, D’ Angelo Carlo, Araujo, Olga M. O., Moura, Larissa, Lopes, Ricardo Tadeu, Palhares de Miranda, Ana Luisa, Tributino, Jorge L. M., Vieira Colombo, Ana Paula
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans JP2; Alveolar bone; Alveolar Bone Loss - microbiology; Animals; Bone loss; Clostridiales; Colon - microbiology; Commensals; Cytokines; Digestive system; Dysbacteriosis; Dysbiosis - microbiology; Feces - microbiology; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal tract; Gingiva - microbiology; gut dysbiosis; gut microbiome; homeostasis; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Interleukin-6 - analysis; Interleukin-6 - blood; Intestinal microflora; Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology; Intestine; Lactobacillus; Lamina propria; Leukocytes; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Monocytes; Mucosal immunity; Myeloid cells; oral–gut axis; Pasteurellaceae Infections - microbiology; Pathogens; periodontal pathogen; Peroxidase; Spleen
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1111/jre.13288

Aim Evidence suggests that translocation of oral pathogens through the oral–gut axis may induce intestinal dysbiosis. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a highly leukotoxic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) strain on the gut microbiota, intestinal mucosal integrity and immune system in healthy mice. Methods Eight‐week‐old male C57BL6 mice were divided into control (n = 16) and JP2 groups (n = 19), which received intragastric gavage with PBS and with a suspension of Aa JP2 (HK921), respectively, twice a week for 4 weeks. Colonic lamina propria, fecal material, serum, gingival tissues, and mandibles were obtained for analyses of leukocyte populations, inflammatory mediators, mucosal integrity, alveolar bone loss, and gut microbiota. Differences between groups for these parameters were examined by non‐parametric tests. Results The gut microbial richness and the number of colonic macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes were significantly lower in Aa JP2‐infected mice than in controls (p