The cardiovascular effects of large hiatal hernias: a narrative review of cases and studies

Hiatal hernia (HH) is a common disease in the general population. It is often asymptomatic, but if it does present clinical manifestations, these are usually gastrointestinal. Gastroesophageal reflux is the main symptom that accompanies it. Depending on the severity of the hernia, it is classified i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Postgraduate medicine 2024-05, Vol.136 (4), p.358-365
Main Authors: Carmona-Puerta, Raimundo, Pérez-Sanchez, Denise, Pichardo-Ureña, Jorge M, Rodríguez-Monteagudo, José L, Lorenzo-Martínez, Elizabeth
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Hiatal hernia (HH) is a common disease in the general population. It is often asymptomatic, but if it does present clinical manifestations, these are usually gastrointestinal. Gastroesophageal reflux is the main symptom that accompanies it. Depending on the severity of the hernia, it is classified into several subtypes from I-IV. Especially, IV type (giant HH) can lead to various cardiopulmonary symptoms with several degrees of severity. It is necessary to keep this possibility in mind among the various differential diagnoses that may occur in this clinical setting. The current paper aims to review the literature on classic and novel information on the HH - cardiovascular system relationship. Epidemiological data, physiological aspects of the heart compressed by HH, cardiovascular symptoms, electrocardiographic changes, echocardiographic alterations and clinical implications are discussed.
ISSN:0032-5481
1941-9260
1941-9260
DOI:10.1080/00325481.2024.2360886