Toxicity and speciation of inorganic arsenics and their adverse effects on in vivo endpoints and oxidative stress in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2024-07, Vol.473, p.134641-134641, Article 134641
• Main Authors: Byeon, Eunjin, Jeong, Haksoo, Kim, Min-Sub, Yun, Seong Chan, Lee, Jin-Sol, Lee, Min-Chul, Kim, Jin-Hyoung, Sayed, Alaa El-Din Hamid, Bo, Jun, Kim, Hyung Sik, Yoon, Chulho, Hagiwara, Atsushi, Sakakura, Yoshitaka, Lee, Jae-Seong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Arsenates - toxicity; Arsenites - toxicity; Embryo, Nonmammalian - drug effects; Embryo, Nonmammalian - metabolism; Glutathione Transferase - genetics; Glutathione Transferase - metabolism; Inorganic arsenic; Oryzias - genetics; Oryzias - metabolism; Oryzias melastigma; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Speciation; Toxicity; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134641

Here, we investigate the effects of acute and chronic exposure to arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII) in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. In vivo effects, biotransformation, and oxidative stress were studied in marine medaka exposed to the two inorganic arsenics for 4 or 28 days. An investigation of embryonic development revealed no effect on in vivo parameters, but the hatching rate increased in the group exposed to AsIII. Exposure to AsIII also caused the greatest accumulation of arsenic in medaka. For acute exposure, the ratio of AsV to AsIII was higher than that of chronic exposure, indicating that bioaccumulation of inorganic arsenic can induce oxidative stress. The largest increase in oxidative stress was observed following acute exposure to AsIII, but no significant degree of oxidative stress was induced by chronic exposure. During acute exposure to AsV, the increase in the enzymatic activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was twice as high compared with exposure to AsIII, suggesting that GST plays an important role in the initial detoxification process. In addition, an RNA-seq–based ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that acute exposure to AsIII may be related to cell-cycle progression. A network analysis using differentially expressed genes also revealed a potential link between the generation of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress due to arsenic exposure. [Display omitted] •Accumulation of arsenic was higher in the chronic arsenic exposure group.•The proportion of inorganic arsenic was highest in the AsIII acute exposure group.•Acute exposure to arsenic increased oxidative stress rather than chronic exposure.•Arsenic exposure was associated with a variety of cell signaling pathways.•The enriched networks were opposite depending on arsenic exposure periods.