Is genotoxicity a suitable biomarker for monitoring anabolic-androgenic steroids exposure in vivo? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Steroids stand for a class of hormones (natural and synthetic) known to be helpful for a number of disorders. Despite the aforementioned beneficial effects of using these hormones, anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are also widely abused in a non-therapeutic manner for muscle-building and strength-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied toxicology 2025-01, Vol.45 (1), p.77-88
Main Authors: Pinto, Thiago Guedes, Malacarne, Ingra Tais, Takeshita, Wilton Mitsunari, de Barros Viana, Milena, Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz, Ribeiro, Daniel Araki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anabolic Agents - toxicity
Androgens - toxicity
Animals
Biomarkers
Damage
Data analysis
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA damage
DNA Damage - drug effects
Exposure
Genotoxicity
Heterogeneity
Hormones
Humans
In vivo methods and tests
Male
Meta-analysis
Monitoring
Mutagenicity Tests
Rats
Statistical analysis
Steroid hormones
Steroids
Testis - drug effects
Testis - metabolism
Testis - pathology
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Summary:Steroids stand for a class of hormones (natural and synthetic) known to be helpful for a number of disorders. Despite the aforementioned beneficial effects of using these hormones, anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are also widely abused in a non-therapeutic manner for muscle-building and strength-increasing properties that may lead to genotoxicity in different tissues. The present study aims to understand whether genotoxicity may be a suitable biomarker for AAS exposure in vivo in both experimental animal and human studies. All studies published in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases that presented data on DNA damage caused by AAS were analyzed. A total of 15 articles were included in this study, and after thoroughly reviewing the studies, a total of 8 articles were classified as Strong, 6 were classified as Moderate, and only 1 was classified as Weak, totaling 14 studies being considered either Strong or Moderate. This classification makes it possible to consider the present findings as reliable. The meta-analysis data revealed a statistically significant difference in Wistar rat testis cells with AAS compared to control for tail length and % tail DNA (p 
ISSN:0260-437X
1099-1263
1099-1263
DOI:10.1002/jat.4656