Lymphatic vessel transit seeds cytotoxic resident memory T cells in skin draining lymph nodes

Lymphatic transport shapes the homeostatic immune repertoire of lymph nodes (LNs). LN-resident memory T cells (T ) play an important role in site-specific immune memory, yet how LN T form de novo after viral infection remains unclear. Here, we tracked the anatomical distribution of antiviral CD8 T c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science immunology 2024-06, Vol.9 (96), p.eadk8141
Main Authors: Heim, Taylor A, Schultz, Austin C, Delclaux, Ines, Cristaldi, Vanessa, Churchill, Madeline J, Ventre, Katherine S, Lund, Amanda W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Female
Immunologic Memory - immunology
Lymph Nodes - immunology
Lymphatic Vessels - immunology
Memory T Cells - immunology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Transgenic
Skin - immunology
Vaccinia - immunology
Vaccinia virus - immunology
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Summary:Lymphatic transport shapes the homeostatic immune repertoire of lymph nodes (LNs). LN-resident memory T cells (T ) play an important role in site-specific immune memory, yet how LN T form de novo after viral infection remains unclear. Here, we tracked the anatomical distribution of antiviral CD8 T cells as they seeded skin and LN T using a model of vaccinia virus-induced skin infection. LN T localized to the draining LNs (dLNs) of infected skin, and their formation depended on the lymphatic egress of effector CD8 T cells from the skin, already poised for residence. Effector CD8 T cell transit through skin was required to populate LN T in dLNs, a process reinforced by antigen encounter in skin. Furthermore, LN T were protective against viral rechallenge in the absence of circulating memory T cells. These data suggest that a subset of tissue-infiltrating CD8 T cells egress from tissues during viral clearance and establish a layer of regional protection in the dLN basin.
ISSN:2470-9468
2470-9468
DOI:10.1126/sciimmunol.adk8141