Association of childhood food consumption and dietary pattern with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolomics in late adolescence: prospective evidence from ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort

• Published in: Journal of epidemiology and community health (1979) 2024-06, Vol.78 (11), p.682-689
• Main Authors: He, Baoting, Lam, Hugh Simon, Sun, Yangbo, Kwok, Man Ki, Leung, Gabriel M, Schooling, C Mary, Au Yeung, Shiu Lun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adolescence; ADOLESCENT; Adolescents; Age; Amino acids; Beverages; Biobanks; Biomarkers; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; Child development; Childhood; Children; Children & youth; Childrens health; Cholesterol; COHORT STUDIES; Dairy products; Data collection; Diabetes; DIET; EPIDEMIOLOGY; Exercise; Fatty acids; Food consumption; Food quality; Fruits; Glycolysis; Health care; Health risks; Health surveys; High density lipoprotein; Ice cream; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Maternal & child health; Metabolomics; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Original research; Plant-based foods; Principal components analysis; Public health; Risk factors; Teenagers; Triglycerides; Vegetables
• ISSN: 0143-005X; 1470-2738; 1470-2738
• DOI: 10.1136/jech-2023-221245

BackgroundHealthy diet might protect against cardiometabolic diseases, but uncertainty exists about its definition and role in adolescence.MethodIn a subset of Hong Kong’s ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort (n=2844 out of 8327), we prospectively examined sex-specific associations of food consumption and dietary pattern, proxied by the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) at~12.0 years, with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolomics at~17.6 years.ResultHigher vegetable (−0.04 SD, 95% CIs: −0.09 to 0.00) and soy consumption (−0.05 SD, 95% CI: −0.09 to −0.01) were associated with lower waist-to-hip ratio. Higher fruit and vegetable consumption were associated with lower fasting glucose (p