Exploring ncRNAs in epilepsy: From oxidative stress regulation to therapy

• Published in: Brain research 2024-10, Vol.1841, p.149089, Article 149089
• Main Authors: Pant, Kumud, Sharma, Aanchal, Menon, Soumya V., Ali, Haider, Hassan Almalki, Waleed, Kaur, Mandeep, Deorari, Mahamedha, Kazmi, Imran, Mahajan, Shriya, Kalra, Hitesh, Alzarea, Sami I.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: CircRNA; Epilepsy; miRNAs; ncRNAs; Oxidative stress
• ISSN: 0006-8993; 1872-6240; 1872-6240
• DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149089

[Display omitted] •Various ncRNAs play crucial roles in epilepsy-related disease mechanisms.•MicroRNAs control gene expression and are involved in OS and neuroinflammation.•Long ncRNAs regulate OS through scaffolding, enhancement, and transcription activation.•Circular RNAs act as miRNA decoys, impacting epilepsy development.•ncRNAs offer potential as biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for epilepsy. Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological illness which is linked with high worldwide burdens. Oxidative stress (OS) is recognized to be among the contributors that trigger the advancement of epilepsy, affecting neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. Various types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are known to serve vital functions in many disease mechanisms, including epilepsy. The current review sought to understand better the mechanisms through which these ncRNAs regulate epilepsy’s OS-related pathways. We investigated the functions of microRNAs in controlling gene expression at the post-translatory stage and their involvement in OS and neuroinflammation. We also looked at the different regulatory roles of long ncRNAs, including molecular scaffolding, enhancer, and transcriptional activator, during OS. Circular RNAs and their capability to act as miRNA decoys and their consequential impact on epilepsy development were also explored. Our review aimed to improve the current understanding of novel therapies for epilepsy based on the role of ncRNAs in OS pathways. We also demonstrated the roles of ncRNAs in epilepsy treatment and diagnosis, explaining that these molecules play vital roles that could be used in therapy as biomarkers.