Post-translational Regulation of BRI1-EMS Suppressor 1 and Brassinazole-Resistant 1

Abstract Brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1)-EMS suppressor 1 (BES1) and Brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) are two highly similar master transcription factors of the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway that regulates a variety of plant growth and development processes as well as stress responses....

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Published in:Plant and cell physiology 2024-11, Vol.65 (10), p.1544-1551
Main Authors: Mao, Juan, Shen, Biaodi, Li, Wenxin, Liu, Linchuan, Li, Jianming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Brassinosteroids - metabolism
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Nuclear Proteins - genetics
Nuclear Proteins - metabolism
Phosphorylation
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
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Summary:Abstract Brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1)-EMS suppressor 1 (BES1) and Brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) are two highly similar master transcription factors of the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway that regulates a variety of plant growth and development processes as well as stress responses. Previous genetic and biochemical analyses have established a complex regulatory network to control the two transcription factors. This network includes coordination with other transcription factors and interactors, multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs) and differential subcellular localizations. In this review, we systematically detail the functions and regulatory mechanisms of various PTMs: phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, ubiquitination/deubiquitination, SUMOylation/deSUMOylation and oxidation/reduction, in regulating the subcellular localization, protein stability and the transcriptional activity of BES1/BZR1. We also discuss the current knowledge about the BES1/BZR1 interactors mediating the dynamic nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of BES1 and BZR1.
ISSN:0032-0781
1471-9053
1471-9053
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcae066