Trajectory of ghrelin and PYY around a test meal in males and females with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder versus healthy controls

Disruptions in appetite-regulating hormones may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). No study has previously assessed fasting levels of orexigenic ghrelin or anorexigenic peptide YY (PYY), nor their trajectory in response to food inta...

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Published in:Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024-09, Vol.167, p.107063, Article 107063
Main Authors: Rozzell-Voss, Kaitlin N., Becker, Kendra R., Tabri, Nassim, Dreier, Melissa J., Wang, Shirley B., Kuhnle, Megan, Gydus, Julia, Burton-Murray, Helen, Breithaupt, Lauren, Plessow, Franziska, Franko, Debra, Hauser, Kristine, Asanza, Elisa, Misra, Madhusmita, Eddy, Kamryn T., Holsen, Laura, Micali, Nadia, Thomas, Jennifer J., Lawson, Elizabeth A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Appetite-regulating hormones
ARFID
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
feeding and eating disorders
Ghrelin
Latent growth curve modeling
Peptide YY
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Summary:Disruptions in appetite-regulating hormones may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). No study has previously assessed fasting levels of orexigenic ghrelin or anorexigenic peptide YY (PYY), nor their trajectory in response to food intake among youth with ARFID across the weight spectrum. We measured fasting and postprandial (30, 60, 120 minutes post-meal) levels of ghrelin and PYY among 127 males and females with full and subthreshold ARFID (n = 95) and healthy controls (HC; n = 32). We used latent growth curve analyses to examine differences in the trajectories of ghrelin and PYY between ARFID and HC. Fasting levels of ghrelin did not differ in ARFID compared to HC. Among ARFID, ghrelin levels declined more gradually than among HC in the first hour post meal (p =.005), but continued to decline between 60 and 120 minutes post meal, whereas HC plateaued (p =.005). Fasting and PYY trajectory did not differ by group. Findings did not change after adjusting for BMI percentile (M(SD)ARFID = 37(35); M(SD)HC = 53(26); p =.006) or calories consumed during the test meal (M(SD)ARFID = 294(118); M(SD)HC = 384 (48); p
ISSN:0306-4530
1873-3360
1873-3360
DOI:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107063