Hollow magnetic vortex nanorings loaded with quercetin encapsulated in polydopamine: A high-performance, intelligent nanotheranostic platform for enhanced tumor imaging and dual thermal treatment

• Published in: International journal of pharmaceutics 2024-07, Vol.660, p.124335, Article 124335
• Main Authors: Song, Manli, Cheng, Junying, Guo, Shuangshuang, Zhuang, Yuchuan, Tulupov, Andrey, Fan, Dandan, Dong, Yanbo, Ji, Zhenyu, Zhang, Yong, Cheng, Jingliang, Bao, Jianfeng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Heat shock protein inhibitor; Lung metastases; Magnetic vortex; Magneto-photothermal; Multimodal imaging enhancing; Theranostics; Tumors ablation
• ISSN: 0378-5173; 1873-3476; 1873-3476
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124335

We introduce hollow magnetic vortex nanorings coated with polydopamine (HMVNp), which serve as both magnetothermal and photothermal agents. When used with an alternating magnetic field and near-infrared laser irradiation, HMVNp showed a significantly higher heating efficiency compared to traditional solid magnetite nanospheres coated with polydopamine (SMNp). The unique geometry and larger surface area of HMVNp enhance heat transfer, making it more effective in heating. However, heat-treated cancer cells often develop resistance due to increased heat shock protein levels, making treatments less effective. By encapsulating quercetin in HMVNp, we found that tumor acidity and heat from the therapy increased quercetin release. HMVNp also showed a much higher quercetin loading capacity than SMNp. Additionally, HMVNp improves contrast in both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI), with a significant enhancement in the transverse relaxation for MRI. In vivo studies demonstrated that while single treatments slowed tumor growth, combining dual-mode therapy with quercetin significantly reduced tumors and prevented metastases, highlighting the potential of HMVNp/Q as a versatile agent in thermotherapeutic interventions and diagnostic imaging. [Display omitted] Nanoparticle-mediated thermotherapeutic research strives innovative, multifunctional, efficient, and safe treatments. Our study introduces a novel nanoplatform: the hollow magnetic vortex nanorings within a polydopamine layer (HMVNp), which exhibit dual functionality as magnetic and photothermal agents. Utilizing a “Dual-mode” approach, combining an alternating magnetic field (AMF) with near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, HMVNp demonstrated a significant enhancement in heating efficacy (58 ± 8 %, SAR = 1441 vs 1032 W/g) over traditional solid magnetite nanoparticles coated with polydopamine (SMNp). The unique geometry larger surface area to volume ratio facilitates efficient magnetic vortex dynamics and enhanced heat transfer. Addressing the challenge of heat resistant heat shock protein (Hsp) expression, encapsulated quercetin (Q) within HMVNp leverages tumor acidity and dual-mode thermal therapy to enhance release, showing a 28.8 ± 6.81 % increase in Q loading capacity compared to traditional SMNp. Moreover, HMVNp significantly improves contrast for both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI), with an approximately 62 % transverse relaxation (R2 = 81.5 v