Association between Alzheimer's disease and Toxocara infection/exposure: a case–control study

Abstract Background Infections may contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Limited evidence suggests Toxocara spp. infection/exposure could influence AD development. Methods We investigated Toxocara seropositivity and AD in Iranian adults using a matched case–control study. Our sample incl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2024-11, Vol.118 (11), p.744-751
Main Authors: Khatir, Ali Alizadeh, Mousavi, Fariborz, Sepidarkish, Mahdi, Arshadi, Mahdi, Arjmandi, Delaram, Aldaghi, Maryam, Rostami, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology
Animals
Antibodies, Helminth - blood
Case-Control Studies
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
Humans
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Iran - epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Risk Factors
Toxocara - immunology
Toxocariasis - epidemiology
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Summary:Abstract Background Infections may contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Limited evidence suggests Toxocara spp. infection/exposure could influence AD development. Methods We investigated Toxocara seropositivity and AD in Iranian adults using a matched case–control study. Our sample included 90 AD cases and 91 healthy older adults. Anti-Toxocara immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We computed the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) through univariable and multivariable analyses, adjusting for potential confounders. Results There were 33/90 (36.67% [95% CI 26.75 to 47.48]) anti-Toxocara IgG seropositive individuals identified among the AD cases and 21/91 (23.07% [95% CI 14.89 to 33.09]) among the healthy controls. In univariable analysis, a significant association was identified between anti-Toxocara IgG seropositivity and AD (OR 1.93 [95% CI 1.01 to 3.69], p
ISSN:0035-9203
1878-3503
1878-3503
DOI:10.1093/trstmh/trae039