Association of serum vitamin D and the risk of cardiovascular diseases among diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Clinical nutrition ESPEN 2024-08, Vol.62, p.66-75
• Main Authors: Iqhrammullah, Muhammad, Gusti, Naufal, Andika, Fina Fitria, Abdullah, Asnawi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 25(OH)D; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - blood; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - blood; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Humans; Hypovitaminosis; Risk Factors; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - complications
• ISSN: 2405-4577; 2405-4577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.018

The emerging role of vitamin D has drawn the attention of researchers around the world, including its involvement in cardiovascular complications among individuals with diabetes. This study aimed to obtain comprehensive evidence on the association between serum vitamin D level and the risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with diabetes. Systematic search was performed on July 1st, 2023, to identify and screen published literature reporting the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease among diabetic patients in six databases. Each eligible study was appraised for its quality using modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional and cohort studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Dersimonian–Laird random effect model or fix-effect model. The heterogeneity and publication bias were judged based on percentage of I2 and the symmetry of Begg's funnel plot, respectively. As many as 22 studies were found eligible for the systematic review. A meta-analysis from 13 studies comprising of 3850 and 1797 (control and exposure groups, respectively) revealed that serum vitamin D level was significantly lower in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (Z = 4.89; p-total