Toxicogenetic, biochemical, and physiological effects of azoxystrobin and carbendazim fungicides over Lactuca sativa L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2024-07, Vol.31 (31), p.44036-44048
• Main Authors: Grecco, Kalia Dável, Santos, Kristian Rodolfo, Aragão, Francielen Barroso, Galter, Iasmini Nicoli, Lascola, Mylena Boeque, dos Santos, Sara Nascimento, Trindade, Juliana Lima, Silva, Enzo Zini Moreira, Fernandes, Marisa Narciso, Matsumoto, Silvia Tamie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural ecosystems; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Azoxystrobin; Benzimidazoles - toxicity; Biochemistry; Carbamates - toxicity; Carbendazim; Cell cycle; Chlorophyll; Chlorophyll - metabolism; Cytotoxicity; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Energy absorption; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Fluorescence; French beans; Fungal diseases; Fungicides; Fungicides, Industrial - toxicity; Lactuca - drug effects; Lactuca sativa; Oxidative stress; Pesticide application; Pesticides; Phaseolus - drug effects; Phaseolus vulgaris; Physiological effects; Physiology; Plant growth; Public health; Pyrimidines - toxicity; Research Article; Strobilurins - toxicity; Toxic diseases; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 1614-7499; 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34013-2

Fungicides are pesticides that are frequently used in agriculture because of their action against fungal diseases. However, the widespread application of pesticides around the world raises environmental and public health concerns, since these compounds are toxic and can pose risks to ecosystems and human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxic, cytogenotoxic, and biochemical effects of azoxystrobin and carbendazim on Lactuca sativa L. and their physiological effects on Phaseolus vulgaris L. by analyzing the cell cycle and chromosomal and nuclear alterations in L . sativa ; the biochemical effects of azoxystrobin and carbendazim on Phaseolus vulgaris L. and their physiological effects on Phaseolus vulgaris L. by analyzing the cell cycle and chromosomal and nuclear alterations in L. sativa ; the biochemical effects by analyzing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in L. sativa ; and the physiological effects by analyzing chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence in P. vulgaris . It was observed that both fungicides were phytotoxic and cytotoxic, reducing root growth and the mitotic index, cytogenotoxic, increasing the occurrence of chromosomal alterations, as well as inducing oxidative stress and an increase in chlorophyll fluorescence emission and altered energy absorption in the plants used as a test system. In view of this, studies such as the one presented here indicate that the use of pesticides, even in small quantities, can lead to damage to the metabolism of plant organisms.