CD5L is upregulated upon infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with no effect on disease progression

• Published in: Immunology 2024-10, Vol.173 (2), p.310-320
• Main Authors: Cardoso, Marcos S., Gonçalves, Rute, Oliveira, Liliana, Silvério, Diogo, Téllez, Érica, Paul, Tony, Sarrias, Maria Rosa, Carmo, Alexandre M., Saraiva, Margarida
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomarkers; CD4 antigen; CD5 antigen; CD5L; Genetic engineering; Histopathology; Immune response; Immune system; Infections; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; macrophage; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Scavenger receptors; T cells; Tuberculosis
• ISSN: 0019-2805; 1365-2567; 1365-2567
• DOI: 10.1111/imm.13825

Tuberculosis (TB) alone caused over a billion deaths in the last 200 years, making it one of the deadliest diseases to humankind. Understanding the immune mechanisms underlying protection or pathology in TB is key to uncover the much needed innovative approaches to tackle TB. The scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich molecule CD5 antigen‐like (CD5L) has been associated with TB, but whether and how CD5L shapes the immune response during the course of disease remains poorly understood. Here, we show an upregulation of CD5L in circulation and at the site of infection in C57BL/6 Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐infected mice. To investigate the role of CD5L in TB, we studied the progression of M. tuberculosis aerosol infection in a recently described genetically engineered mouse model lacking CD5L. Despite the increase of CD5L during infection of wild‐type mice, absence of CD5L did not impact bacterial burden, histopathology or survival of infected mice. Absence of CD5L associated with a modest increase in the numbers of CD4+ T cells and the expression of IFN‐γ in the lungs of infected mice, with no major effect in overall immune cell dynamics. Collectively, this study confirms CD5L as a potential diagnostic biomarker to TB, showing no discernible impact on the outcome of the infection. CD5L is upregulated in blood and lung of mice upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Absence of CD5L did not impact bacterial burden, histopathology or survival of infected mice. M. tuberculosis‐infected CD5L deficient mice displayed a modest increase in the numbers of CD4+ T cells and the expression of IFN‐γ in the lungs, with no major effect in overall immune cell dynamics. Our study confirms CD5L as a potential diagnostic biomarker to tuberculosis, showing no discernible impact on the outcome of the infection.