Recent Development of Electrodes Construction for HER in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting

• Published in: ChemSusChem 2024-12, Vol.17 (24), p.e202400847-n/a
• Main Authors: Mahmood, Asif, Du, Mingxuan, Tian, Kaige, Yan, Junqing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bubbles; Catalytic activity; Diffusion of ion; Electrocatalysts; Electrodes; Emission; Emission of bubbles; Fabrication of electrodes; HER; Hydrogen evolution reactions; Hydrogen production; Ion diffusion; Metal foams; Metal foils; Stability; Superaerophobicity; Water splitting
• ISSN: 1864-5631; 1864-564X; 1864-564X
• DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400847

Production of hydrogen (H2) fuel using the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) through electrocatalysis of water splitting is inexpensive, has optimal performance, and offers remarkable stability. Developing electrocatalysts with excellent stability and high efficiency has been a significant and challenging factor for practical applications of HER for decades. Hydrogen generation occurs on the HER electrode due to the emission of bubbles, proton diffusion, and the transfer of electrons. These considerations should be taken into account during the construction and development of the electrode. This review offers a synopsis of recent advancements in various electrodes used as a base for electrocatalysts, such as nickel foam, titanium foil, copper foam, carbon foam, and others, and discusses their HER catalytic activity, with a focus on the emission of bubbles, diffusion of ions, the structure of the electrode, and the formulation and preparation process. In conclusion, we provide an overview of ideas to further improve and address the significant issues in the manufacture of HER electrodes. Recent innovations in HER electrode fabrication for electrocatalytic water splitting have significantly improved hydrogen generation efficiency. Key factors such as bubble emission, proton diffusion, and electron transfer have been optimized. Highlights the performance of various electrodes based on LSV, Tafel slope, and stability, showcasing advancements and remaining challenges in achieving long‐term durability and mechanical robustness.