Flavonoid compounds and their synergistic effects: Promising approaches for the prevention and treatment of psoriasis with emphasis on keratinocytes – A systematic and mechanistic review

• Published in: International immunopharmacology 2024-09, Vol.138, p.112561, Article 112561
• Main Authors: Ebrahimi, Ali, Mehrabi, Masomeh, Miraghaee, Seyyed Shahram, Mohammadi, Pantea, Fatehi Kafash, Fatemeh, Delfani, Mohana, Khodarahmi, Reza
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Cytokines - metabolism; Drug Synergism; Flavonoids; Flavonoids - pharmacology; Flavonoids - therapeutic use; Humans; Inflammation; Keratinocytes - drug effects; Keratinocytes - metabolism; Proto-Oncogene Mas; Psoriasis; Psoriasis - drug therapy; Psoriasis - immunology; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Signaling pathway
• ISSN: 1567-5769; 1878-1705; 1878-1705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112561

•Potential biological roles of flavonoids’ targets in treating psoriasis.•The ten genes with the highest scores were identified as the hub genes.•KEGG pathway analysis identified connections related to inflammation and autoimmune responses, which are key characteristics of psoriasis.•The distinct stability, bioavailability and inhibition efficacy of flavonoids suggest that combination of different flavonoids can enhance their anti-psoriasis effects.•Flavonoids can target biological processes in psoriasis, especially when combined for enhanced effectiveness. Psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune skin disorder, causes rapid and excessive skin cell growth due to immune system dysfunction. Numerous studies have shown that flavonoids have anti-psoriatic effects by modulating various molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation, cytokine production, keratinocyte proliferation, and more. This study reviewed experimental data reported in scientific literature and used network analysis to identify the potential biological roles of flavonoids’ targets in treating psoriasis. 947 records from Web of Sciences, ScienceDirect database, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane library were reviewed without limitations until June 26, 2023. 66 articles were included in the systematic review. The ten genes with the highest scores, including interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12A, IL-1β, IL-6, Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Janus kinase 2 (JAK 2), Jun N-terminal kinase (JUN), Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC), Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), were identified as the hub genes. KEGG pathway analysis identified connections related to inflammation and autoimmune responses, which are key characteristics of psoriasis. IL-6, STAT3, and JUN’s presence in both hub and enrichment genes suggests their important role in flavonoid’s effect on psoriasis. This comprehensive study highlights how flavonoids can target biological processes in psoriasis, especially when combined for enhanced effectiveness.