Diversity and Plant Growth Properties of Rhizospheric Bacteria Associated with Medicinal Plants

• Published in: Indian journal of microbiology 2024-06, Vol.64 (2), p.409-417
• Main Authors: Jabborova, Dilfuza, Mamarasulov, Bakhodir, Davranov, Kakhramon, Enakiev, Yuriy, Bisht, Neha, Singh, Sachidanand, Stoyanov, Svilen, Garg, Amar P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Azotobacter; Bacteria; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Burkholderia; Chemical pest control; Continuous cropping; Exudates; Exudation; Herbal medicine; Host plants; Inoculation; Life Sciences; Low molecular weights; Medical Microbiology; Medicinal plants; Metabolites; Microbial activity; Microbiology; Microbiomes; Microorganisms; Molecular weight; Organic soils; Pesticides; Pests; Plant bacterial diseases; Plant growth; Review Article; Rhizosphere; Rhizosphere microorganisms; Secondary metabolites; Soil microorganisms; Soil stresses; Solubilization
• ISSN: 0046-8991; 0973-7715
• DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01275-w

Microbes in the rhizosphere play a significant role in the growth, development, and efficiency of plants and trees. The rhizospheric area's microbes are reliant on the soil's characteristics and the substances that the plants release. The majority of previous research on medicinal plants concentrated on their bioactive phytochemicals, but this is changing now that it is understood that a large proportion of phytotherapeutic substances are actually created by related microorganisms or through contact with their host. The roots of medicinal plants secrete a large number of secondary metabolites that determine the diversity of microbial communities in their rhizosphere. The dominant bacteria isolated from a variety of medicinal plants include various species of Bacillus ,  Rhizobium ,  Pseudomonas ,  Azotobacter ,  Burkholderia ,  Enterobacte ,  Microbacterium , Serratia ,  Burkholderia , and  Beijerinckia. Actinobacteria also colonize the rhizosphere of medicinal plants that release low molecular weight organic solute that facilitate the solubilisation of inorganic phosphate. Root exudates of medicinal plants resist abiotic stress and accumulate in soil to produce autotoxic effects that exhibit strong obstacles to continuous cropping. Although having a vast bioresource that may be used in agriculture and modern medicine, medicinal plants' microbiomes are largely unknown. The purpose of this review is to (i) Present new insights into the plant microbiome with a focus on medicinal plants, (ii) Provide information about the components of medicinal plants derived from plants and microbes, and (iii) Discuss options for promoting plant growth and protecting plants for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants. The scientific community has paid a lot of attention to the use of rhizobacteria, particularly plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as an alternative to chemical pesticides. By a variety of processes, these rhizobacteria support plant growth, manage plant pests, and foster resilience to a range of abiotic challenges. It also focuses on how PGPR inoculation affects plant growth and survival in stressful environments.