Update in the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

• Published in: Cancer 2024-09, Vol.130 (18), p.3090-3105
• Main Authors: Sedlack, Andrew J H, Varghese, Diana Grace, Naimian, Amirkia, Yazdian Anari, Pouria, Bodei, Lisa, Hallet, Julie, Riechelmann, Rachel P, Halfdanarson, Thor, Capdevilla, Jaume, Del Rivero, Jaydira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chemotherapy; Emitters; Gastrointestinal system; Gastrointestinal tract; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms - pathology; Intestinal Neoplasms - therapy; Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods; Neoplasms; Neuroendocrine tumors; Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology; Neuroendocrine Tumors - therapy; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology; Pancreatic Neoplasms - therapy; Radiation therapy; Radioisotopes; Somatostatin; Somatostatin - analogs & derivatives; Somatostatin - therapeutic use; Stomach Neoplasms - pathology; Stomach Neoplasms - therapy; Surgery; Tumors
• ISSN: 0008-543X; 1097-0142; 1097-0142
• DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35463

Neuroendocrine neoplasms are a diverse group of neoplasms that can occur in various areas throughout the body. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) most often arise in the gastrointestinal tract, termed gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). Although GEP-NETs are still uncommon, their incidence and prevalence have been steadily increasing over the past decades. The primary treatment for GEP-NETs is surgery, which offers the best chance for a cure. However, because GEP-NETs are often slow-growing and do not cause symptoms until they have spread widely, curative surgery is not always an option. Significant advances have been made in systemic and locoregional treatment options in recent years, including peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy with α and β emitters, somatostatin analogs, chemotherapy, and targeted molecular therapies.