A study on anticancer and antioxidant ability of selected brown algae biomass yielded polysaccharide and their chemical and structural properties analysis by FT-IR and NMR analyses

• Published in: Environmental research 2024-11, Vol.260, p.119567, Article 119567
• Main Authors: Hoang, Thi-Van, Alshiekheid, Maha A., K, Praveen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anticancer; Antioxidant; Chemical characterization; Macroalgae; Nemalion cari-Cariense; Polysaccharide
• ISSN: 0013-9351; 1096-0953; 1096-0953
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119567

The study was conducted to determine the chemical and structural properties of polysaccharides extracted from the marine macroalgae Nemalion cari-cariense. Furthermore, evaluate the anticancer and free radical scavenging activity of purified N. cari-cariense polysaccharide. Approximately 41.6% (w/w) of crude polysaccharide was extracted from N. cari-cariense macroalgae biomass. After deproteinization, the purified polysaccharide's major chemical composition was found to be 92.6%, with all protein content removed. The purified polysaccharide had ash and moisture % of 23.01% and 4.03%, respectively. The C, H, and N of the test polysaccharide were analyzed using GC-MS, with results of 39.21%, 5.87%, and 4.29%, respectively. Furthermore, this analysis also revealed the monosaccharide composition such as glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and rhamnose glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and rhamnose 54.62%, 29.64%, 2.8%, 5.9%, and 6.8% respectively. The molecular weight of purified polysaccharide was found as 49 kDa through PAGE analysis. The FT-IR analysis revealed that the presence of functional groups exactly attributed to polysaccharide and 1H and 13C-NMR analyses confirmed the structural properties of N. cari-cariense polysaccharide. The free radicals scavenging ability of purified N. cari-cariense polysaccharide was investigated by various assays such as total antioxidant assay (22.3%–72.5% at 50–250 μg mL−1), DPPH assay (23.6%–76.9% at 10–160 μg mL−1), OH radical scavenging assay (13.6%–70.2% at 50–250 μg mL−1 dosage, and SO radical scavenging assay (27.6–68.41% at 50–250 μg mL−1 concentration). The polysaccharide demonstrated 82.63% anticancer activity towards the A549 lung cancer cell line at 1000 μg mL−1 dosage. The findings suggest that this polysaccharide has biological applications. •About 41.6% (w/w) of crude polysaccharide was extracted from N. cari-cariense.•PAGE analysis showed MW of extracted polysaccharide 49 kDa.•FT-IR and 1H-NMR &13C-NMR evidenced the structural properties of polysaccharides.•Test polysaccharide showed remarkable dose-based antioxidant activity.•The polysaccharide showed excellent anticancer activity A549 lung cancer cell.