Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification According to Changes in Risk Factors in Asymptomatic Individuals

This retrospective study aimed to assess coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression in serial computed tomography measurements according to risk factor changes. In 448 asymptomatic adults who underwent CAC measurements with more than one-year intervals, CAC progression was assessed according to age,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personalized medicine 2024-07, Vol.14 (7), p.757
Main Authors: Yoo, Jin-Young, Kang, Se-Ri, Chun, Eun-Ju
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angina pectoris
Arteriosclerosis
Asymptomatic
Body mass index
Calcification (ectopic)
Cardiovascular disease
Computed tomography
Coronary artery
Coronary vessels
Demographics
Diabetes mellitus
Heart attacks
Hyperlipidemia
Hypertension
Medical imaging
Medical screening
Questionnaires
Risk factors
Stroke
Variance analysis
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Summary:This retrospective study aimed to assess coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression in serial computed tomography measurements according to risk factor changes. In 448 asymptomatic adults who underwent CAC measurements with more than one-year intervals, CAC progression was assessed according to age, sex, variable traditional risk factors (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking), and initial CAC score (0, 0.1-100, and >100). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were assessed for independent predictors of rapid CAC progression (ΔCAC/year > 20). During the 3.5-year follow-up, coronary artery calcifications occurred in 43 (12.8%) of 336 individuals with an initial CAC score of zero. Of 112 individuals with initial CAC presence, 60 (53.6%) had ΔCAC/year > 20. Age, male sex, body mass index, and all risk factors were significantly associated with ΔCAC/year > 20, but recently diagnosed hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 11.3) and initial CAC score (OR, 1.05) were significant independent predictors in multivariate regression analyses. CAC progression was affected by demographic and traditional risk factors; but, adjusting for these factors, recently diagnosed hypertension and initial CAC score were the most influential factors for rapid CAC progression. These findings suggest that individuals with higher initial CAC scores may benefit from more frequent follow-up scans and checks regarding risk factor changes.
ISSN:2075-4426
2075-4426
DOI:10.3390/jpm14070757