Physicochemical, thermal, and functional properties of edible red algae (Gracilaria corticata)

• Published in: Journal of food science 2024-09, Vol.89 (9), p.5425-5433
• Main Authors: Ahmad, Sameer, Jan, Kulsum, Sahu, Jatindra K., Jan, Shumaila, Chauhan, Komal, Bashir, Khalid
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algae; algal phytochemicals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - analysis; Carbohydrates; Catechin; Coumaric acid; Fourier analysis; Fourier transforms; Free radicals; functional food; Gracilaria - chemistry; Gracilaria corticata; Inductively coupled plasma; Infrared analysis; Infrared spectra; Infrared spectroscopy; Liquid chromatography; Magnesium; marine food; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Optical emission spectroscopy; Optical properties; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phloroglucinol; Polysaccharides; Polysaccharides - analysis; Proteins; Scientific imaging; Seaweed - chemistry; seaweed utilization; Seaweeds; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared - methods; Sulfur; Sulfur content
• ISSN: 0022-1147; 1750-3841; 1750-3841
• DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17283

In the present research, physicochemical, functional, and antioxidant properties of Gracilaria corticata (GC) powder were evaluated. The seaweed was found rich in protein (21%) carbohydrate (53.03%) and fat (7.8%). The inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry showed among the mineral's calcium (13.987 mg/g) and magnesium (7.48 mg/g) were found to be in higher percent. Three transition peaks were observed as the samples were subjected to DSC (−5.27°C for fat, 82.25°C for carbohydrates, and 98.79°C for proteins). The CHNS analysis demonstrated sulfur content (2.23%) depicts presence of sulfate polysaccharide confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra band at 1235 cm−1. A significant increase in the swelling capacity (14.26–21 mL/g) and water holding capacity (8.21–9.09 g/g) was observed as the temperature was increased from 25 to 80°C. On the contrary, oil holding capacity decreased significantly from 3.98 to 2.11 g/g with an increase in temperature. Nowadays, the sedentary lifestyle leads to chronic disease; however, the antioxidants derived from plants provide the biochemical defense from free radical formation. The marine‐derived algal are good sources of nutrition and antioxidants, being natural sources of GC, the antioxidant activity exhibited by total phenolic content and α‐diphenyl‐β‐picrylhydrazyl were found to be (11 mg GAE/g and 18%) inhibition, respectively. The principal phytochemicals profile was quantified by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry as catechin, coumaric acid, phloroglucinol, and luteolin.