Sarcopenia emerges as a risk factor for cardiac diastolic dysfunction: a new focus for research

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2024-10, Vol.126, p.112518, Article 112518
• Main Authors: Erdoğan, Onur, Erdoğan, Tuğba, Cebeci, Cemre Gül Tekin, Ataç, Hediye Nur, Karan, Mehmet Akif, Bahat, Gülistan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activities of daily living; Aged; Asymptomatic; Body Mass Index; Body size; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Confidence intervals; Congestive heart failure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diastole; Diastolic dysfunction; Echocardiography; Echocardiography - methods; Ejection fraction; Female; Frailty; Grip strength; Hand Strength; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFpEF; Humans; Hypertension; Ischemia; Logistic Models; Longitudinal studies; Male; Malnutrition; Middle Aged; Muscle mass; Muscle strength; Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology; Musculoskeletal system; Obesity; Older people; Parameters; Population; Regression analysis; Risk factor; Risk Factors; Sarcopenia; Sarcopenia - complications; Sarcopenia - epidemiology; Sarcopenia - physiopathology; Skeletal muscle; Statistical analysis; Vein & artery diseases; Velocity; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - etiology; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112518

•Skeletal muscle mass index and muscle strength are lower in patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.•Confirmed sarcopenia is independently associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.•Even after adjusting for known risk factors, the association remains significant. [Display omitted] Cardiac diastolic dysfunction (left ventricular diastolic dysfunction [LVDD]) is a well-known predictor of heart failure. We hypothesized that sarcopenia is independently associated with diastolic dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the association of the most recent consensus definition of sarcopenia with LVDD. We included 121 older participants admitted to a cardiology outpatient clinic. We followed the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 definition of confirmed sarcopenia (presence of low muscle mass and low muscle strength). We estimated skeletal muscle mass with bioimpedance analysis and muscle strength by hand grip strength via a Jamar hydraulic hand dynamometer. Skeletal muscle mass was adjusted by body mass index. LVDD was determined by echocardiographic parameters measured per American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. We ran multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for well-known risk factors for diastolic dysfunction (i.e., age, sex, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease) to detect whether sarcopenia was independently associated with diastolic dysfunction. We gave results in odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Mean age was 69.9 ± 5.8 years, and 38.8% of participants were male. Confirmed sarcopenia was detected in 34.7%, and diastolic dysfunction was detected in 19.8%. In univariate analyses, sarcopenia was associated with diastolic dysfunction (OR, 6.7, 95% CI, 2.4–18.9). Regression analyses showed that two parameters, sarcopenia (OR, 7.4, 95% CI, 2.1–26.6, P = 0.002) and obesity (OR, 5.0, 95% CI, 1.03–24.6, P = 0.046), were associated with diastolic dysfunction. This study revealed sarcopenia to be a new risk factor for diastolic dysfunction, adding to its known risk factors. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the factors underlying their copresence.