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DNA methylation in mammalian development and disease
The DNA methylation field has matured from a phase of discovery and genomic characterization to one seeking deeper functional understanding of how this modification contributes to development, ageing and disease. In particular, the past decade has seen many exciting mechanistic discoveries that have...
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| Published in: | Nature reviews. Genetics 2025-01, Vol.26 (1), p.7-30 |
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| container_end_page | 30 |
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| container_title | Nature reviews. Genetics |
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| creator | Smith, Zachary D. Hetzel, Sara Meissner, Alexander |
| description | The DNA methylation field has matured from a phase of discovery and genomic characterization to one seeking deeper functional understanding of how this modification contributes to development, ageing and disease. In particular, the past decade has seen many exciting mechanistic discoveries that have substantially expanded our appreciation for how this generic, evolutionarily ancient modification can be incorporated into robust epigenetic codes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the distinct DNA methylation landscapes that emerge over the mammalian lifespan and discuss how they interact with other regulatory layers to support diverse genomic functions. We then review the rising interest in alternative patterns found during senescence and the somatic transition to cancer. Alongside advancements in single-cell and long-read sequencing technologies, the collective insights made across these fields offer new opportunities to connect the biochemical and genetic features of DNA methylation to cell physiology, developmental potential and phenotype.
In this Review, Smith et al. describe DNA methylation landscapes that emerge over mammalian development and within key disease states, as well as how different methyltransferases interface with histone modifications and other proteins to create and maintain them. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41576-024-00760-8 |
| format | article |
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| subjects | 631/208/135 631/208/176 631/208/177 631/208/200 Aging - genetics Agriculture Animal Genetics and Genomics Animals Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cancer Research DNA Methylation DNA sequencing Epigenesis, Genetic Epigenetics Gene Function Genomics Histones Human Genetics Humans Life span Mammals - genetics Neoplasms - genetics Neoplasms - metabolism Phenotypes Review Article Senescence |
| title | DNA methylation in mammalian development and disease |
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