Emerging Nanomaterials as Versatile Nanozymes: A New Dimension in Biomedical Research

The enzyme-mimicking nature of versatile nanomaterials proposes a new class of materials categorized as nano-enzymes, ornanozymes. They are artificial enzymes fabricated by functionalizing nanomaterials to generate active sites that can mimic enzyme-like functions. Materials extend from metals and o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Topics in current chemistry (2016) 2024-08, Vol.382 (3), p.28
Main Authors: Jacob, Evin, Mathew, Denno, Benny, Libina, Varghese, Anitha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical Research
Biomimetic Materials - chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Enzymes - chemistry
Enzymes - metabolism
Humans
Life Sciences
Materials Science
Metal-Organic Frameworks - chemistry
Molecular Medicine
Nanostructures - chemistry
Physics
Review
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Summary:The enzyme-mimicking nature of versatile nanomaterials proposes a new class of materials categorized as nano-enzymes, ornanozymes. They are artificial enzymes fabricated by functionalizing nanomaterials to generate active sites that can mimic enzyme-like functions. Materials extend from metals and oxides to inorganic nanoparticles possessing intrinsic enzyme-like properties. High cost, low stability, difficulty in separation, reusability, and storage issues of natural enzymes can be well addressed by nanozymes. Since 2007, more than 100 nanozymes have been reported that mimic enzymes like peroxidase, oxidase, catalase, protease, nuclease, hydrolase, superoxide dismutase, etc. In addition, several nanozymes can also exhibit multi-enzyme properties. Vast applications have been reported by exploiting the chemical, optical, and physiochemical properties offered by nanozymes. This review focuses on the reported nanozymes fabricated from a variety of materials along with their enzyme-mimicking activity involving tuning of materials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal-oxide NPs, metal–organic framework (MOF), covalent organic framework (COF), and carbon-based NPs. Furthermore, diverse applications of nanozymes in biomedical research are discussed in detail.
ISSN:2364-8961
2364-8961
DOI:10.1007/s41061-024-00473-w