A robust method for quantifying 42 phenolic compounds by RP-HPLC/DAD: Columns performance and characterization of Brazilian Citrus peels

Reliable analytical methods are the basis for the elucidation of phenolic compounds in foods. This study aimed to optimize and validate a method for determining 42 phenolics using reverse-phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to diode-array-detector-DAD. The performance of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food chemistry 2024-12, Vol.460 (Pt 3), p.140807, Article 140807
Main Authors: dos Santos Lima, Marcos, da Silva Monteiro, Larissa Iris, de Brito Araújo Carvalho, Ana Júlia, Bastos, Débora Costa, Pimentel, Tatiana Colombo, Magnani, Marciane
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antioxidant activity
bioactive compounds
Citrus species
liquid chromatography
silica columns
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Summary:Reliable analytical methods are the basis for the elucidation of phenolic compounds in foods. This study aimed to optimize and validate a method for determining 42 phenolics using reverse-phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to diode-array-detector-DAD. The performance of two RP columns was evaluated. The 150x4.6 mm 3-μm column showed superior separation quality, whereas 35 of the 42 phenolics showed a separation resolution ≥1.5. The method's linearity, precision (coefficient variation< 3.09%), recovery (87.5-103.2%), specificity, limits of detection (0.04-0.25 mg/L), and quantification (0.06-0.25 mg/L) had acceptable ranges. Thirty phenolics were quantified in Citrus peels, mainly flavanones, flavanols, flavonols, and phenolic acids, highlighting the high values of hesperidin (535-35070 mg/kg) and naringin (26-36466 mg/kg). Lemon peels named 'Lisboa,' 'Thaiti,' 'Thaiti-2000', and 'Thaiti-2001' presented the main phenolics associated with antioxidant capacity. The presented method was robust for determining 42 phenolic compounds, offering a new approach for bioactive compound quantification in food matrices. •Forty-two phenolics were quantified between 36.7 and 42.2 min.•The method gradients allow the use of two different RP-C18 columns.•Phenolics were characterized for the first time in peels of 20 Brazilian Citrus.•Oranges, pomelos, hybrids, lemons, and tangerines had a high phenolic content.
ISSN:0308-8146
1873-7072
1873-7072
DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140807