Research advances of biodegradable microplastics in wastewater treatment plant: Current knowledge and future directions

• Published in: The Science of the total environment 2024-11, Vol.951, p.175614, Article 175614
• Main Authors: Li, Haokai, Shen, Maocai, Wang, Yulai, Liu, Bohao, Li, Mingyu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Behavior; BMPs; Potential effects; Wastewater; WWTPs
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175614

Plastic and microplastic pollution in the environment has become a significant global concern. Biodegradable plastics (BPs), as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional plastics, have also emerged as a crucial topic of global discussion. The successful application of BPs appears to offer a solution to the potential ecological risks posed by conventional plastics. However, BPs have negative impacts on the ecological environment and human health. BPs can gradually degrade into biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) in the environment. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have become an undeniable source and sink of microplastics. With the production and application of BPs, BMPs will inevitably enter WWTPs. This paper reviews the pollution status, degradation behavior of BMPs, and their potential impact on wastewater treatment performance. The focus is on the environmental behavior of BMPs in wastewater treatment systems. The influences of BMPs on microbial communities, sludge treatment, and disposal are thoroughly discussed. The results indicate that BMPs are more easily decomposed into micro/nanoplastics and release additives compared to conventional microplastics. The effects of BMPs on microbial communities and wastewater treatment depend on their characteristics. The numerous oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of BMPs enable them to serve a dual purpose as transport media and potential sources of environmental pollutants. Finally, in light of existing knowledge gaps, suggestions and prospects for future research on BMPs are proposed. [Display omitted] •Fate and occurrence of BMPs in WWTPs are summarized.•Environmental behavior of BMPs in WWTPs has been discussed.•BMPs can serve as carbon sources for microorganisms.•BMPs can affect the removal of traditional C, N, and P in WWTPs.•Current research challenges and future research priorities are proposed.