Cadmium stress alleviates lipid accumulation caused by chiral penthiopyrad through regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in zebrafish liver

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2024-10, Vol.478, p.135560, Article 135560
• Main Authors: Wang, Xinquan, Di, Weixuan, Wang, Zhiwei, Qi, Peipei, Liu, Zhenzhen, Zhao, Huiyu, Ding, Wei, Di, Shanshan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Cadmium; Cadmium - toxicity; Chiral penthiopyrad; Enantiomer-specific; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects; Lipid accumulation; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver - pathology; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - metabolism; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Zebrafish
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135560

The coexistence of cadmium (Cd) can potentiate (synergism) or reduce (antagonism) the pesticide effects on organisms, which may change with chiral pesticide enantiomers. Previous studies have reported the toxic effects of chiral penthiopyrad on lipid metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver. The Cd effects and toxic mechanism on lipid accumulation were investigated from the perspective of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The coexistence of Cd increased the concentrations of penthiopyrad and its metabolites in zebrafish. Penthiopyrad exposure exhibited significant effects on lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function-related indicators, which were verified by lipid droplets and mitochondrial damage in subcellular structures. Moreover, penthiopyrad activated the genes of ER unfolded protein reaction (UPR) and Ca2+ permeable channels, and S-penthiopyrad exhibited more serious effects on ER stress with ER hyperplasia than R-penthiopyrad. As a mitochondrial uncoupler, the coexistence of Cd could decrease lipid accumulation by alleviating ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and these effects were the most significant for R-penthiopyrad. There were antagonistic effects between Cd and penthiopyrad, which could reduce the damage caused by penthiopyrad in zebrafish, thus increasing the bioaccumulation of penthiopyrad in zebrafish. These findings highlighted the importance and necessity of evaluating the ecological risks of metal-chiral pesticide mixtures. [Display omitted] •S-penthiopyrad was preferentially accumulated, and PAM and PCA were generated.•Cd increased the concentrations of penthiopyrad and its metabolites in zebrafish.•S-penthiopyrad exhibited more serious effects on ER stress than R-penthiopyrad.•Penthiopyrad enantiomers caused lipid accumulation by activating different pathways.•Cd relieved lipid accumulation caused by penthiopyrad, especially for R-penthiopyrad.