Sarcobesity: New paradigms for healthy aging related to taurine supplementation, gut microbiota and exercise

• Published in: Ageing research reviews 2024-11, Vol.101, p.102460, Article 102460
• Main Authors: Batitucci, Gabriela, Abud, Gabriela Ferreira, Ortiz, Gabriela Ueta, Belisário, Lucas Fernandes, Travieso, Sofia Germano, de Lima Viliod, Marcela Coffacci, Venturini, Ana Cláudia Rossini, de Freitas, Ellen Cristini
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aging; Animals; Dietary Supplements; Exercise - physiology; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology; Gut microbiota; Healthy Aging - physiology; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Obesity - metabolism; Obesity - microbiology; Physical exercise; Sarcobesity; Sarcopenia - metabolism; Taurine; Taurine - therapeutic use; Therapeutic targets
• ISSN: 1568-1637; 1872-9649; 1872-9649
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102460

Enigmatic sarcopenic obesity is still a challenge for science and adds to the global public health burden. The progressive accumulation of body fat combined with a dysfunctional skeletal muscle structure and composition, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and anabolic resistance, among other aggravating factors, together represent the seriousness and complexity of treating the metabolic disorder of sarcobesity in aging. For this reason, further studies are needed that encourage the support of therapeutic management. It is along these lines that we direct the reader to therapeutic approaches that demonstrate important, but still obscure, outcomes in the physiological conditions of sarcobesity, such as the role of taurine in modulating inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in muscle and adipose tissue, as well as the management of gut microbiota, able to systemically re-establish the structure and function of the gut-muscle axis, in addition to the merits of physical exercise as an instrument to improve muscular health and lifestyle quality. [Display omitted] •Sarcobesity is a concerning health condition that can impact the older population.•Sarcobesity can drive the inflammatory process and metabolic dysfunction in aging.•Taurine supplementation appears promising in sarcobesity.•Modulation of gut microbiota is a promising therapeutic strategy in sarcobesity.•Physical exercise is an effective therapy to prevent and treat sarcobesity.