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The effect of listening to the sound of running water on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by hemodialysis patients: A randomized, controlled, open‐label study
Introduction This study was conducted to determine the effect of the sound of running water, which we had not previously encountered being used in dialysis patients, on invasive pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation. Methods The research was conducted as a randomized, controlled study. A d...
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| Published in: | Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis 2025-02, Vol.29 (1), p.42-51 |
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| container_end_page | 51 |
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| container_title | Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis |
| container_volume | 29 |
| creator | Sayilan, Samet Aydin Sayilan, Aylin Temiz, Zeynep Kandemir, Didem |
| description | Introduction
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the sound of running water, which we had not previously encountered being used in dialysis patients, on invasive pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation.
Methods
The research was conducted as a randomized, controlled study. A descriptive form, a VAS pain scale, and state–trait anxiety scales were used as a data collection form. The data were analyzed on SPSS version 22.00 for Windows software. The independent groups t‐test was applied to compare descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage in independent groups, while categorical data were compared using the chi‐square test. The effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable was tested using linear regression analysis. p values |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1744-9987.14200 |
| format | article |
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This study was conducted to determine the effect of the sound of running water, which we had not previously encountered being used in dialysis patients, on invasive pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation.
Methods
The research was conducted as a randomized, controlled study. A descriptive form, a VAS pain scale, and state–trait anxiety scales were used as a data collection form. The data were analyzed on SPSS version 22.00 for Windows software. The independent groups t‐test was applied to compare descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage in independent groups, while categorical data were compared using the chi‐square test. The effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable was tested using linear regression analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
The study was completed with 32 experimental and 33 control group patients. There was no significant difference in pre‐intervention pain and anxiety between the groups. The pain levels of the patients after the first and 12th cannulations were significantly lower in the experimental group (p < 0.05). State and trait anxiety levels were also significantly lower in the experimental group at the 12th session (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We conclude that the sound of running water has a significant positive effect on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by dialysis patients. We recommend that clinicians apply such a simple method as listening to the sound of running water for reducing pain and anxiety during invasive procedures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1744-9979</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1744-9987</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1744-9987</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.14200</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39215434</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kyoto, Japan: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; anxiety ; Anxiety - etiology ; Anxiety - prevention & control ; cannulation ; Catheterization - methods ; Female ; hemodialysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; pain ; Pain - etiology ; Pain Measurement - methods ; Renal Dialysis - adverse effects ; Renal Dialysis - methods ; Sound ; the sound of water ; Water</subject><ispartof>Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis, 2025-02, Vol.29 (1), p.42-51</ispartof><rights>2024 International Society for Apheresis and Japanese Society for Apheresis.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2680-d997212729b1954a9b03306dad74fcaad174a4ff844da5fbed52c127d1304abc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7053-3046 ; 0000-0003-0576-8732 ; 0000-0003-2690-2179 ; 0000-0002-8959-8381</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39215434$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sayilan, Samet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aydin Sayilan, Aylin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Temiz, Zeynep</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kandemir, Didem</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of listening to the sound of running water on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by hemodialysis patients: A randomized, controlled, open‐label study</title><title>Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis</title><addtitle>Ther Apher Dial</addtitle><description>Introduction
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the sound of running water, which we had not previously encountered being used in dialysis patients, on invasive pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation.
Methods
The research was conducted as a randomized, controlled study. A descriptive form, a VAS pain scale, and state–trait anxiety scales were used as a data collection form. The data were analyzed on SPSS version 22.00 for Windows software. The independent groups t‐test was applied to compare descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage in independent groups, while categorical data were compared using the chi‐square test. The effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable was tested using linear regression analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
The study was completed with 32 experimental and 33 control group patients. There was no significant difference in pre‐intervention pain and anxiety between the groups. The pain levels of the patients after the first and 12th cannulations were significantly lower in the experimental group (p < 0.05). State and trait anxiety levels were also significantly lower in the experimental group at the 12th session (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We conclude that the sound of running water has a significant positive effect on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by dialysis patients. We recommend that clinicians apply such a simple method as listening to the sound of running water for reducing pain and anxiety during invasive procedures.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - etiology</subject><subject>Anxiety - prevention & control</subject><subject>cannulation</subject><subject>Catheterization - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>hemodialysis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>pain</subject><subject>Pain - etiology</subject><subject>Pain Measurement - methods</subject><subject>Renal Dialysis - adverse effects</subject><subject>Renal Dialysis - methods</subject><subject>Sound</subject><subject>the sound of water</subject><subject>Water</subject><issn>1744-9979</issn><issn>1744-9987</issn><issn>1744-9987</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkU1uFDEQhS1EREJgzQ55yYJJ_NfT0-xGEX9SpLAY1pbbLhMjt93YbiWdFUfgJtyJk-DOJLONNy7V--pJVQ-hN5Sc0frOaSvEqus27RkVjJBn6OTQeX6o2-4Yvcz5JyGMCc5foGPeMdoILk7Q3901YLAWdMHRYu9ygeDCD1wiLlXKcQpmUdIU7vs3qkDCMeBRuYBVFVW4dVBmDLcjJAdBg8FmSgusVQiTV8VVvp_xNQzROOXn7HKdLxUu-QPe4lR94uDuwLzHOoaSovdLHUcI_37_8aoHj3OZzPwKHVnlM7x--E_R908fdxdfVpdXn79ebC9Xmq03ZGXq1oyylnU97Rqhup5wTtZGmVZYrZSpp1HC2o0QRjW2B9MwXXlDORGq1_wUvdv7jin-miAXObiswXsVIE5ZclJvTNYtbyp6vkd1ijknsHJMblBplpTIJSW55CCXTOR9SnXi7YP51A9gDvxjLBVo9sCN8zA_5Sd322974__epqEc</recordid><startdate>202502</startdate><enddate>202502</enddate><creator>Sayilan, Samet</creator><creator>Aydin Sayilan, Aylin</creator><creator>Temiz, Zeynep</creator><creator>Kandemir, Didem</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-3046</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0576-8732</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2690-2179</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-8381</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202502</creationdate><title>The effect of listening to the sound of running water on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by hemodialysis patients: A randomized, controlled, open‐label study</title><author>Sayilan, Samet ; Aydin Sayilan, Aylin ; Temiz, Zeynep ; Kandemir, Didem</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2680-d997212729b1954a9b03306dad74fcaad174a4ff844da5fbed52c127d1304abc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - etiology</topic><topic>Anxiety - prevention & control</topic><topic>cannulation</topic><topic>Catheterization - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>hemodialysis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>pain</topic><topic>Pain - etiology</topic><topic>Pain Measurement - methods</topic><topic>Renal Dialysis - adverse effects</topic><topic>Renal Dialysis - methods</topic><topic>Sound</topic><topic>the sound of water</topic><topic>Water</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sayilan, Samet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aydin Sayilan, Aylin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Temiz, Zeynep</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kandemir, Didem</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sayilan, Samet</au><au>Aydin Sayilan, Aylin</au><au>Temiz, Zeynep</au><au>Kandemir, Didem</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of listening to the sound of running water on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by hemodialysis patients: A randomized, controlled, open‐label study</atitle><jtitle>Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis</jtitle><addtitle>Ther Apher Dial</addtitle><date>2025-02</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>42</spage><epage>51</epage><pages>42-51</pages><issn>1744-9979</issn><issn>1744-9987</issn><eissn>1744-9987</eissn><abstract>Introduction
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the sound of running water, which we had not previously encountered being used in dialysis patients, on invasive pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation.
Methods
The research was conducted as a randomized, controlled study. A descriptive form, a VAS pain scale, and state–trait anxiety scales were used as a data collection form. The data were analyzed on SPSS version 22.00 for Windows software. The independent groups t‐test was applied to compare descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage in independent groups, while categorical data were compared using the chi‐square test. The effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable was tested using linear regression analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
The study was completed with 32 experimental and 33 control group patients. There was no significant difference in pre‐intervention pain and anxiety between the groups. The pain levels of the patients after the first and 12th cannulations were significantly lower in the experimental group (p < 0.05). State and trait anxiety levels were also significantly lower in the experimental group at the 12th session (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We conclude that the sound of running water has a significant positive effect on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by dialysis patients. We recommend that clinicians apply such a simple method as listening to the sound of running water for reducing pain and anxiety during invasive procedures.</abstract><cop>Kyoto, Japan</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</pub><pmid>39215434</pmid><doi>10.1111/1744-9987.14200</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-3046</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0576-8732</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2690-2179</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-8381</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection |
| subjects | Adult Aged anxiety Anxiety - etiology Anxiety - prevention & control cannulation Catheterization - methods Female hemodialysis Humans Male Middle Aged pain Pain - etiology Pain Measurement - methods Renal Dialysis - adverse effects Renal Dialysis - methods Sound the sound of water Water |
| title | The effect of listening to the sound of running water on pain and anxiety experienced during cannulation by hemodialysis patients: A randomized, controlled, open‐label study |
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