Dynamics of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in the northern Indian Ocean

Subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM) significantly contributes to oceanic primary productivity, emphasizing the need to study its dynamics and governing mechanisms. We used datasets from various platforms to investigate relationships between the SCM characteristics (SCM depth (ZSCM), SCM magnitude (C...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine pollution bulletin 2024-10, Vol.207, p.116891, Article 116891
Main Authors: Garg, Shriya, Gauns, Mangesh, Bhaskar, T.V.S. Udaya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabian Sea
Bay of Bengal
carbon dioxide
chlorophyll
Chlorophyll - analysis
Climate Change
CO2
Convective mixing
data collection
DMS
Environmental Monitoring
freshwater
Indian Ocean
marine pollution
Monsoon
Northern Indian Ocean
primary productivity
Seasons
Seawater - chemistry
Subsurface chlorophyll maxima
Upwelling
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Summary:Subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM) significantly contributes to oceanic primary productivity, emphasizing the need to study its dynamics and governing mechanisms. We used datasets from various platforms to investigate relationships between the SCM characteristics (SCM depth (ZSCM), SCM magnitude (Chlmax), SCM thickness (TSCM)) and environmental variables modulated by various physical processes in the Northern Indian Ocean (NIO). In the Arabian Sea (western NIO), seasonal processes like convective mixing and upwelling, primarily regulated the SCM characteristics. In the Bay of Bengal (eastern NIO), SCM characteristics were jointly influenced by fresh water influx, barrier layer formation, presence of eddies, and the propagation of Kelvin and Rossby waves. Any changes in these oceanic processes, potentially driven by climate change, could therefore impact oceanic primary production. Additionally, a positive association obtained between Chlmax and downward CO2 flux, while a shallower ZSCM, associated with higher concentrations of DMS, indicated SCM's role in regulating atmospheric gases. [Display omitted] •Study offers insights on primary production and gaseous exchange over NIO.•Basin scale dynamics play a pivotal role in modulating the SCM.•SST and mixed layer depth are prominent modulators of SCM over AS.•Thermocline depth is a major regulator of SCM in BOB.•SCM also contribute in CO2 and DMS flux over NIO.
ISSN:0025-326X
1879-3363
1879-3363
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116891